The ... can be subdivided into the following strata: corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum and basale

A) epidermis;

B) derma;

C) corium layer;

D) subcutaneous adipose layer.

... is inborn resistance to specific diseases which individuals may possess.

A) Natural immunity;

B) Acquired immunity;

C) Passive immunity;

D) Active immunity.

The pineal gland secretes melatonin which effects … .

A) hair growth;

B) skin pigmentation;

C) bone formation;

D) calcium level in the blood.

The main goal of … treatment is to keep blood sugar levels within the normal range.

A) schizophrenia;

B) pulmonary tuberculosis;

C) diabetes mellitus;

D) measles.

The ureters are … that push urine along in waves of contraction.

A) little glomeruli;

B) blood vessels;

C) muscular tubes;

D) large tufts.

The … of the pregnancy is the period of the greatest risk.

A) first trimester;

B) fourth month;

C) last trimester;

D) seventh month.

Immediately after a baby is born … are placed on it’s umbilical cord.

A) two splints;

B) triple diapers;

C) two clamps;

D) ten clamps.

Waste products produced by a fetus are … by the mother.

A) consumed;

B) inhaled;

C) coughed up ;

D) excreted.

… is the ideal food for newborns.

A) Cow’s milk;

B) Mother’s milk;

C) Fresh vegetables;

D) Fruit juice.

Measles vaccine is known to be given … .

A) subcutaneously;

B) orally;

C) intravenously;

D) intramuscularly.

The main symptoms of a retropharyngeal abscess are pain when …, fever, and enlargement of the lymph nodes in the neck.

A) speaking;

B) walking;

C) swallowing;

D) smiling.

…, commonly called “flu”, is an illness caused by a virus that attacks mainly the upper respiratory tract – the nose, throat and bronchi and rarely also the lungs.

A) Influenza;

B) Measles;

C) Mumps;

D) Smallpox.

A dentist who specializes in the treatment a tooth pulp is called … .

A. a periodontist;

B. an endodontist;

C. an orthodontist;

D. a denturist.

Veneers are mainly placed over … .

A. front teeth;

B. milk teeth;

C. back teeth;

D. dentures.

Whitening is unlikely to cause serious problems, although some people`s teeth may become more … for a short time.

A. sensitive;

B. stained;

C. flavoured;

D. misaligned.

The most common reason for teeth to get … are aging, tobacco, tea and coffee.

A. crooked;

B. healthy;

C. crowded;

D. stained.

A medical instrument used to remove a foreign body, tissue sample, or a calculus is called … .

A. an endoscope;

B. a stethoscope;

C. an extractor;

D. an extranuclear.

Personal hygiene consists of proper brushing and … daily.

A. reshaping;

B. whitening;

C. scaling;

D. flossing.

A person can buy a number of over-the-counter mouthwashes that claim … bad breath.

A. to increase;

B. to eliminate;

C. to determine;

D. to exhale.

The primary ingredient in a tooth powder is … to lift plaque and food from the teeth.

A. a soft drink;

B. a strand;

C. an abrasive;

D. a herb.

Extended exposure to ultraviolet radiation, primarily from sunlight, causes … .

A) liver cancer;

B) skin cancer;

C) kidney cancer;

D) breath cancer.

The … vaccine has decreased German measles as a cause of mental retardation.

A) rubella;

B) measles;

C) tetanus;

D) rabies.

… is a disorder in which a young child can’t develop normal social relationship, behaves in compulsive and ritualistic ways.

A) Suicidal behaviour;

B) Childhood schizophrenia;

C) Depression;

D) Autism.

The … is also that period when maternal negative feelings about the pregnancy are common.

A) first trimester of pregnancy;

B) some months before pregnancy;

C) third trimester of pregnncy;

D) some months after pregnancy.

A normal head-first delivery leaves the … slightly misshapen for several days.

A) feet;

B) trunk;

C) neck;

D) head.

If placenta can’t provide enough … during labour, fetal distress may occur.

A) carbon dioxide;

B) fluid;

C) mucous;

D) oxygen.

…, such as Down syndrome, are common cause of mental retardation.

A) speech abnormalities

B) chromosomal abnormalities

C) reversible abnormalities

D) common abnormalities

The symptoms of autism generally persist ….

A) for a year

B) throughout childhood

C) throughout life

D) for some months

The sella turcica protects the … but allows very little room for expansion.

A)hypothalamus

B) thyroid gland

C) pancreas

D) pituitary gland

People with insulin-dependent diabetes produce … .

A) little or no insulin at all

B) higher than normal insulin levels

C) normal levels of insulin

D) very high insulin levels

Stones in the urinary tract that cause no symptoms may be discovered by chance ….

A) performing biopsy

B) during a routine microscopic analysis of the urine

C) making a complete blood count

D) while making a spinal tap

The baby’s overall condition is recorded at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth using the ….

A) Bishop score

B) Apgar score

C) standard score

D) lod score

Adequate development of … is critical for the newborn.

A) nails

B) hair

C) lungs

D) toes

… are multicelled, plant-like organisms that usually aren’t dangerous in a healthy person.

A) Bacteria

B) Fungi

C) Protozoa

D) Viruses

The main symptoms of a retropharyngeal abscess are pain when …, fever, and enlargement of the lymph nodes in the neck.

A) speaking

B) walking

C) swallowing

D) smiling

… , commonly called “the flu”, is an illness caused by a virus that attacks mainly the upper respiratory tract – the nose, throat and bronchi and rarely also the lungs.

A) Influenza

B) Measles

C) Mumps

D) Smallpox

Extended exposure to ultraviolet radiation, primarily from sunlight, causes … .

A) liver cancer

B) skin cancer

C) kidney cancer

D) breast cancer

The pineal gland is located ….

A) in the mediastinum

B) behind the stomach

C) near the top of each kidney

D) in the middle of the brain

The diagnosis of diabetes is made when a person has abnormally ….

A) low blood platelets level

B) high blood sugar level

C) high leukocytes level

D) low blood sugar level

Urine accumulates in the … as it arrives regularly from each ureter.

A) kidney

B) bladder

C) gallbladder

D) urethra

… is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy after repeated intercourse without contraception for 1 year.

A) infestation

B) infiltration

C) infertility

D) inflammation

People who drink large amounts of … are at much higher risk of esophageal cancer.

A) milk

B) pure water

C) alcohol

D) fruit juice

… is a common noncancerous tumour of the liver.

A) Hepatocellular adenoma

B) Osteosarcoma

C) Osteoid osteoma

D) Gastric adenocarcenoma

Intelligence is determined by both ….

A) nutrition and environment

B) environment and education

C) heredity and environment

D) nutrition and nursing

Indirect restorations are manufactured in a … .

a) patient’s mouth

b) dental surgery

c) dental laboratory

d) dental chair

A newly crowned tooth may be … immediately after the procedure.

a) sensitive

b) absent

c) missing

d) decayed

If there is a tooth missing, neighbouring teeth can … .

a) fall out

b) become discoloured

c) be pulled out

d) drift out of line

There are … main categories of dentures.

a) two

b) three

c) five

d) four

The … is usually relatively straightforward to manufacture so that it is stable without slippage.

a) artificial hip

b) lower full denture

c) maxillary denture

d) bone graft

Endodontics is the branch of dentistry that deals with the diseases of the tooth … .

a) pulp

b) enamel

c) form and colour

d) extraction

People with … may not be good candidates for implants.

a) poor eyesight

b) poorly controlled diabetes

c) American smile

d) severe hairloss

The primary ingredient in a tooth powder is … to lift plaque and food from the teeth.

a) an emulsion

b) an antibiotic

c) glycerol

d) an abrasive

… is a disorder in which a young child can’t develop normal social relationship, behaves in compulsive and ritualistic ways, and usually fails to develop normal intelligence.

A) Schizophrenia

B) Down syndrome

C) Suicidal behaviour

D) Autism

To produce thyroid hormone, the thyroid gland needs …, an element contained in food and water.

A) iodine

B) zinc

C) mercury

D) iron

All … must understand how diet and exercise affect their blood sugar levels.

A) patients with tuberculosis

B) diabetics

C) cancer patients

D) people suffering from influenza

The canal of the cervix is lined with mucus-secreting ….

A) cells

B) organs

C) glands

D) tissue

Child health care starts ….

A) two months after birth

B) with the prenatal period

C) a year after birth

D) with the postnatal period

A suicide attempt is a clear sign of mental illness, usually ….

A) depression

B) autism

C) schizophrenia

D) claustrophobia

The body has two …, one near the top of each kidney.

A) thymus gland

B) pineal glands

C) parathyroid glands

D) adrenal glands

Adenohypophisis produces hormone called …, which stimulates protein synthesis in organs and tissues and causes growth.

A) thyrotropin

B) somatotropin

C) glucagon

D) thyroxine

The main goal of … treatment is to keep blood sugar within the normal range as much as possible.

A) cancer

B) tuberculosis

C) measles

D) diabetes

Uric acid … are sometimes dissolved by making the urine more alkaline.

A) tumours

B) neoplasm

C) stones

D) growth

The … reproductive system include the penis, scrotum, and testes.

A) internal structures of male

B) internal structures of female

C) external structures of male

D) external structures of female

A few drops of silver nitrate solution or an antibiotic is placed into the … to prevent infection from any harmful organisms that the baby may have had contact with during delivery.

A) eyes

B) nose

C) ears

D) mouth

When to wean the infant depends on the needs and desires of ….

A) mother

B) both mother and father

C) both mother and baby

D) baby

The pineal gland secretes … which effects skin pigmentation.

A) adrenaline

B) melatonin

C) glucagon

D) androgen

In … the pancreas continues to manufacture insulin, sometimes even at higher than normal levels.

A) insulin-dependent diabetes

B) lipoatrophic diabetes

C) malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus

D) insulin-independent diabetes mellitus

Through hormones that affect … , the body controls concentration of urine according to its need for water.

A) liver function

B) nervous system function

C) kidney function

D) respiratory system function

… colic is characterized by an excruciating intermittent pain, usually in the flank, that spreads across the abdomen.

A) renal

B) tubal

C) infantile

D) intestinal

Chewing … stimulates the flow of saliva, which decreases acids and flushes out food particles.

a) tobacco

b) nails

c) rag

d) sugarless gum

In simple extractions the dentist uses … to firmly grasp the tooth.

a) forcepts

b) scissors

c) mirror

d) spacer

Toothpowder is mildly … powder which is used in combination with a toothbrush to maintain oral hygiene.

a) contouring

b) abrasive

c) overlapping

d) chipping

The purpose of oral hygiene is to … the build-up of plague.

a) help

b) maintain

c) prevent

d) numb

Gum lift is a cosmetic dental procedure that raises and … the gum line.

a) nourishes

b) cracks

c) sculpts

d) gives

Pulp … the tooth when it first emerges through the gum.

a) destroys

b) nourishes

c) holds

d) extends

It is advised that patients keep their natural teeth … , especially their lower teeth.

a) for ten years

b) as long as possible

c) for a year

d) for twenty years

Cosmetic dentistry focuses in improving the appearance of a person’s … .

a) teeth, mouth and smile

b) hair, nails and skin

c) mouth, nose and eyes

d) smile, complexion and posture

The nurse tries … the whitish greasy material that covers most of the newborn’s skin, because this material … .

A) to sponge down … contributes to infection development

B) to put on … helps in healing wounds

C) not to wash off … helps protect against infections

D) not to use … is very dangerous

Because premature infants … quickly and have difficulty maintaining …, they are placed in an incubator.

A) lose their temper … normal respiration

B) lose weight … normal blood circulation

C) lose heat … normal body temperature

D) lose appetite … normal digestion

The … in the mother triggers milk production.

A) pectoral reflex

B) concealed reflex

C) milk ejection reflex

D) jaw jerk reflex

By 3 months, the infant ….

A) sits with support and rolls over

B) walk while holding someone’s hand

C) crawls with its stomach touching the floor

D) smiles at the sounds of its mother’s voice

37. … are fairly common problem in newborns; the condition can be treated by putting triple diapers on the baby to hold hips in the correct position.

A) fractured arms

B) brain injury

C) weakness of muscles

D) dislocated hips

The … resembles the letter H or a bow tie.

A) thyroid gland

B) hypothalamus

C) thymus gland

D) gonads

To measure the blood sugar level, a blood sample is usually taken after the person … for about 8 hours.

A) has walked

B) has worked

C) has fasten

D) has drunk

Blood enters the glomerulus at ….

A) low pressure

B) high pressure

C) diminished pressure

D) decrease pressure

The uterus is a … organ at the top of the … divided into … parts.

A) pea-shaped … vagina… three

B) pear-shaped … vagina … two parts

C) bean-shaped … introitus … three

D) pin-shaped … introitus … two

… is a contagious … infection causing painful enlargement of the salivary glands.

A) measles … viral

B) diphtheria … bacterial

C) mumps … viral

D) retropharyngeal abscess … bacterial

… is more common in areas of the world were poverty, malnutrition, poor general health and social disruption are present.

A) Cancer

B) Influenza

C) Tuberculosis

D) Infertility

Once mental retardation has occurred, it is usually ….

A) reparable

B) curable

C) irreversible

D) restorable to health

The cause of autism is ….

A) exactly known

B) measles

C) not known

D) clearly known

The … is a small gland, measuring about 2 inches across, that lies just under the skin below the Adam’s apple in the neck

A) thyroid gland

B) pituitary gland

C) pineal gland

D) parathyroid gland

… controls bone formation, regulates calcium level in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid and organizes excretion of phosphorus.

A) Luteotropic hormone

B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone

C) Somatotropin

D) Parathyroid hormone

When the blood sugar level increases, … passes into the urine and the kidneys excrete additional water to dilute the large amounts of glucose lost.

A) glucose

B) protein

C) blood

D) aminoacids

The … serves a dual function in males: urine is transported and semen is ejaculated through it.

A) prostate gland

B) vas deferens

C) urethra

D) scrotum

The third trimester of pregnancy is …

A) the time of rapid embryonic development

B) the period of rapid skeletal and head growth

C) the period when maternal negative feelings about the pregnancy are common

D) the period when fetal growth is largely that of weight

Keeping the newborn warm is ….

A) unimportant

B) insignificant

C) critical

D) not worth mentioning

The risk of developing serious infections, especially infections of bloodstream (sepsis), is considerably higher in ….

A) full-term infants

B) premature infants

C) healthy infants

D) strong infants

The term “childhood cancer” encompasses many … that occur in children and young adults.

A) benign tumours

B) gastrointestinal diseases

C) malignant diseases

D) congenital malformations

…, such as Down syndrome, are common cause of mental retardation.

A) speech abnormalities

B) chromosomal abnormalities

C) reversible abnormalities

D) common abnormalities

The symptoms of autism generally persist ….

A) for a year

B) throughout childhood

C) throughout life

D) for some months

The sella turcica protects the … but allows very little room for expansion.

A)hypothalamus

B) thyroid gland

C) pancreas

D) pituitary gland

People with insulin-dependent diabetes produce … .

A) little or no insulin at all

B) higher than normal insulin levels

C) normal levels of insulin

D) very high insulin levels

Stones in the urinary tract that cause no symptoms may be discovered by chance ….

A) performing biopsy

B) during a routine microscopic analysis of the urine

C) making a complete blood count

D) while making a spinal tap

A … is a painful infection which appears following a tooth fracture, gum disease, or tooth decay, where the infection reaches the pulp.

a) dental abscess

b) dental hygiene

c) gingivitis

d) candidiasis

… is a process in which an enamel-like dental composite material is applied to a tooth surface, sculpted into shape, hardened and then polished.

a) Bonding

b) Contouring

c) Gum lift

d) Enamel shaping

Dental braces are available to both children and adults, though evidence suggests that they work better in … .

a) people with no remaining teeth

b) seniors who have reached the age of 85

c) newborn babies with no milk teeth present

d) younger people

The most effective teeth whitening techniques available today are … and … .

a) hard teeth whitening / soft teeth whitening

b) movable teeth whitening / removable teeth whitening

c) a student’s tooth whitening / a tooth extraction for whitening by a student

d) in-office teeth whitening / at-home teeth whitening

Most bleaching products are … and are actually capable of altering the colours of the tooth itself.

a) wedge-shaped

b) peroxide-based

c) pear-like

d) nicotine-based

… is the practice of keeping the mouth clean and is a means of preventing dental caries, gingivitis, bad breath, and other dental disorders.

a) Oral cavity

b) Dental caries

c) Oral hygiene

d) Dental office

Despite the many types of toothpaste that exist, there are some ingredients common to most varieties: … , flavouring, humectants and thickeners.

a) abrasive agents

b) gold and silver

c) protein and carbohydrate

d) wine and beer

… are among the most common dental procedures and include fillings, inlays and onlays, veneers, implants, crowns, bridges, and dentures.

a) Dental restorations

b) Dental specialties

c) Diseases of the oral cavity

d) Oral thrush

The baby’s overall condition is recorded at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth using the ….

A) Bishop score

B) Apgar score

C) standard score

D) lod score

Adequate development of … is critical for the newborn.

A) nails

B) hair

C) lungs

D) toes

… are multicelled, plant-like organisms that usually aren’t dangerous in a healthy person.

A) Bacteria

B) Fungi

C) Protozoa

D) Viruses

The main symptoms of a retropharyngeal abscess are pain when …, fever, and enlargement of the lymph nodes in the neck.

A) speaking

B) walking

C) swallowing

D) smiling

… , commonly called “the flu”, is an illness caused by a virus that attacks mainly the upper respiratory tract – the nose, throat and bronchi and rarely also the lungs.

A) Influenza

B) Measles

C) Mumps

D) Smallpox

Extended exposure to ultraviolet radiation, primarily from sunlight, causes … .

A) liver cancer

B) skin cancer

C) kidney cancer

D) breast cancer

The pineal gland is located ….

A) in the mediastinum

B) behind the stomach

C) near the top of each kidney

D) in the middle of the brain

The diagnosis of diabetes is made when a person has abnormally ….

A) low blood platelets level

B) high blood sugar level

C) high leukocytes level

D) low blood sugar level

Urine accumulates in the … as it arrives regularly from each ureter.

A) kidney

B) bladder

C) gallbladder

D) urethra

… is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy after repeated intercourse without contraception for 1 year.

A) infestation

B) infiltration

C) infertility

D) inflammation

People who drink large amounts of … are at much higher risk of esophageal cancer.

A) milk

B) pure water

C) alcohol

D) fruit juice

… is a common noncancerous tumour of the liver.

A) Hepatocellular adenoma

B) Osteosarcoma

C) Osteoid osteoma

D) Gastric adenocarcenoma

Intelligence is determined by both ….

A) nutrition and environment

B) environment and education

C) heredity and environment

D) nutrition and nursing

… is a disorder in which a young child can’t develop normal social relationship, behaves in compulsive and ritualistic ways, and usually fails to develop normal intelligence.

A) Schizophrenia

B) Down syndrome

C) Suicidal behaviour

D) Autism

To produce thyroid hormone, the thyroid gland needs …, an element contained in food and water.

A) iodine

B) zinc

C) mercury

D) iron

All … must understand how diet and exercise affect their blood sugar levels.

A) patients with tuberculosis

B) diabetics

C) cancer patients

D) people suffering from influenza

The canal of the cervix is lined with mucus-secreting ….

A) cells

B) organs

C) glands

D) tissue

Child health care starts ….

A) two months after birth

B) with the prenatal period

C) a year after birth

D) with the postnatal period

A suicide attempt is a clear sign of mental illness, usually ….

A) depression

B) autism

C) schizophrenia

D) claustrophobia

The body has two …, one near the top of each kidney.

A) thymus gland

B) pineal glands

C) parathyroid glands

D) adrenal glands

Adenohypophisis produces hormone called …, which stimulates protein synthesis in organs and tissues and causes growth.

A) thyrotropin

B) somatotropin

C) glucagon

D) thyroxine

The main goal of … treatment is to keep blood sugar within the normal range as much as possible.

A) cancer

B) tuberculosis

C) measles

D) diabetes

Uric acid … are sometimes dissolved by making the urine more alkaline.

A) tumours

B) neoplasm

C) stones

D) growth

The … reproductive system include the penis, scrotum, and testes.

A) internal structures of male

B) internal structures of female

C) external structures of male

D) external structures of female

A few drops of silver nitrate solution or an antibiotic is placed into the … to prevent infection from any harmful organisms that the baby may have had contact with during delivery.

A) eyes

B) nose

C) ears

D) mouth

When to wean the infant depends on the needs and desires of ….

A) mother

B) both mother and father

C) both mother and baby

D) baby

The pineal gland secretes … which effects skin pigmentation.

A) adrenaline

B) melatonin

C) glucagon

D) androgen

… are made when all natural teeth are missing.

a) Complete dentures

b) Dental bridges

c) Dental fillings

d) Tooth crowns

Smoking can cause cancer to develop anywhere in the … .

a) legs or arms

b) gallbladder or intestine

c) adenohypophysis or pituitary

d) mouth or pharynx

Before gum reshaping can be done a person must be in … .

a) good medical health

b) poor medical health

c) good clothes

d) good body shape

The help of modern technology in dentistry can … considerably.

a) minimize treatment time

b) increase pain during treatment

c) hamper the healing

d) harm the patient

Dental braces are a type of … treatment that corrects … position of the teeth.

a) invasive … normal

b) endodontic … typical

c) orthodontic … abnormal

d) periodontic … traditional

42. The procedure of teeth whitening is not advisable during … .

a) pregnancy

b) life

c) studying

d) reading

Personal dental hygiene consists of proper … daily.

a) tooth scaling and whitening

b) brushing and flossing

c) washing and shaving

d) eating and drinking

After gum lift treatment time must be given for … .

a) healing

b) swelling

c) infecting

d) inflammation

In … the pancreas continues to manufacture insulin, sometimes even at higher than normal levels.

A) insulin-dependent diabetes

B) lipoatrophic diabetes

C) malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus

D) insulin-independent diabetes mellitus

Through hormones that affect … , the body controls concentration of urine according to its need for water.

A) liver function

B) nervous system function

C) kidney function

D) respiratory system function

… colic is characterized by an excruciating intermittent pain, usually in the flank, that spreads across the abdomen.

A) renal

B) tubal

C) infantile

D) intestinal

The nurse tries … the whitish greasy material that covers most of the newborn’s skin, because this material … .

A) to sponge down … contributes to infection development

B) to put on … helps in healing wounds

C) not to wash off … helps protect against infections

D) not to use … is very dangerous

Because premature infants … quickly and have difficulty maintaining …, they are placed in an incubator.

A) lose their temper … normal respiration

B) lose weight … normal blood circulation

C) lose heat … normal body temperature

D) lose appetite … normal digestion

The … in the mother triggers milk production.

A) pectoral reflex

B) concealed reflex

C) milk ejection reflex

D) jaw jerk reflex

By 3 months, the infant ….

A) sits with support and rolls over

B) walk while holding someone’s hand

C) crawls with its stomach touching the floor

D) smiles at the sounds of its mother’s voice

… are fairly common problem in newborns; the condition can be treated by putting triple diapers on the baby to hold hips in the correct position.

A) fractured arms

B) brain injury

C) weakness of muscles

D) dislocated hips

The … resembles the letter H or a bow tie.

A) thyroid gland

B) hypothalamus

C) thymus gland

D) gonads

To measure the blood sugar level, a blood sample is usually taken after the person … for about 8 hours.

A) has walked

B) has worked

C) has fasten

D) has drunk

Blood enters the glomerulus at ….

A) low pressure

B) high pressure

C) diminished pressure

D) decrease pressure

The uterus is a … organ at the top of the … divided into … parts.

A) pea-shaped … vagina… three

B) pear-shaped … vagina … two parts

C) bean-shaped … introitus … three

D) pin-shaped … introitus … two

… is a contagious … infection causing painful enlargement of the salivary glands.

A) measles … viral

B) diphtheria … bacterial

C) mumps … viral

D) retropharyngeal abscess … bacterial

… is more common in areas of the world were poverty, malnutrition, poor general health and social disruption are present.

A) Cancer

B) Influenza

C) Tuberculosis

D) Infertility

Once mental retardation has occurred, it is usually ….

A) reparable

B) curable

C) irreversible

D) restorable to health

The … is a small gland, measuring about 2 inches across, that lies just under the skin below the Adam’s apple in the neck

A) thyroid gland

B) pituitary gland

C) pineal gland

D) parathyroid gland

… controls bone formation, regulates calcium level in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid and organizes excretion of phosphorus.

A) Luteotropic hormone

B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone

C) Somatotropin

D) Parathyroid hormone

When the blood sugar level increases, … passes into the urine and the kidneys excrete additional water to dilute the large amounts of glucose lost.

A) glucose

B) protein

C) blood

D) aminoacids

The … serves a dual function in males: urine is transported and semen is ejaculated through it.

A) prostate gland

B) vas deferens

C) urethra

D) scrotum

The risk of developing serious infections, especially infections of bloodstream (sepsis), is considerably higher in ….

A) full-term infants

B) premature infants

C) healthy infants

D) strong infants

… nourishes the tooth when it first emerges through the gum.

a) Abscess

b) Pulp

c) Gums

d) Germs

… fillings are meant for about a year.

a) Indirect

b) Gold dental

c) Temporary

d) Dental

… replaces entire jaw teeth.

a) A full denture

b) A partial denture

c) A specific denture

d) A regular denture

Cosmetic dentistry focuses on improving the appearance of a person’s … .

a) teeth, mouth, smile

b) hair, nails, skin

c) weight and figure

d) nose, mouth, ears

Dental braces are available for … .

a) newborns only

b) elderly only

c) both children and adults

d) both adult men and women

Products like coffee and tea, berries and soy sauce are notorious for … .

a) staining teeth

b) deaf people

c) poor eyesight

d) dry skin

The problem of tooth sensitivity often happens when gums … .

a) remain

b) recede

c) are healthy

d) are present

Oral cancer is perhaps the most significant threat to a … .

a) vegetarian

b) African-American

c) Caucasian

d) smoker

Вставте присудок у відповідному часі й стані:

She … spare time, so she rarely … for a walk with her son.

A) don’t have, go;

B) doesn’t have, goes;

C) doesn’t has, goes;

D) didn’t have, go.

… the lectures … the structure of the chest yesterday?

A) Have; explained;

B) Has; explained;

C) Did; explain;

D) Did; explained.

Ann is busy now. She … the functions of the reproductive organs.

A) was studying;

B) has been studying;

C) studied;

D) is studying.

How long … you … sick?

A) are; be;

B) have; been;

C) did; be;

D) has; been.

The doctor was sure that he … that patient before.

A) didn’t see;

B) doesn’t see;

C) hadn’t seen ;

D) hasn’t see.

The surgeon … on this patient tomorrow from 9 till 12.

A) operates;

B) will have operated;

C) will operate;

D) will be operating.

… the parents … to this doctor’s operating on their chills?

A) was … agreed

B) did … agree

C) was … being agreed

People with maniac-depressive illnesses usually … by a psychiatrist.

A) are treated

B) are being treated

C) have been treated

D) are treating

This child … from autism for some years before behavioral therapy was started.

A) suffered

B) was suffering

C) has been suffering

D) had been suffering

The students … in the laboratory studying the structure of the reproductive system when somebody … off the light.

A) worked … was switching

B) were working … switched

C) had worked … had been switching

D) worked … switched

Scientists … already in revealing a limited number of genes implicated in tumour initiation.

A) succeeded

B) succeeds

C) have succeeded

D) were succeeded

The newborn with some congenital malformation … by the neonatologist at the moment.

A) is examining

B) is being examined

C) has been examined

D) is examined

Her uncle … as a dentist since 1999.

a) are

b) is

c) has been working

d) were working

The patient … by the maxillofacial surgeon regularly after surgery.

a) is visited

b) have been visited

c) is visiting

d) was visiting

He … already … his report on root canals treatment.

a) has … been preparing

b) is … preparing

c) has … prepared

d) have … prepared

The first dentures … from bone or ivory in the 15^th century.

a) is carved

b) were carved

c) will be carved

d) has been carved

The dentist … tooth extraction successfully by 7 o’clock yesterday.

a) have carried out

b) had carried out

c) has carried out

d) will be carried out

The denturist … a new impression next week.

a) will have constructed

b) will construct

c) have constructed

d) will be constructed

Amalgam fillings … next week.

a) will be put

b) will put

c) will be putting

d) will have put

The advantages of implants … still … when I came into the ward.

a) were … discussed

b) are … discussed

c) were … being discussed

d) were … discussing

Diabetes typically … down healing in the patient’s oral cavity.

a) were slowing

b) has been slowing

c) has been slowed

d) slows

The dentist was sure that tooth losing in this patient … by gingivitis.

a) caused

b) is caused

c) had been caused

d) will be caused

At that moment students … to the professor attentively.

A) listened;

B) had listened;

C) were listening;

D) listen.

Friendly relations … between the doctor and the patient.

A) has established;

B) has been established;

C) have establishing;

D) have been established.

He said that many students learning English … members of their English club.

A) are;

B) was;

C) were;

D) will be.

The doctor wears the white gown which … to him by his colleagues some years ago.

A) presented;

B) were presented;

C) was presented;

D) have been presented.

Her son … nephrotomy at the moment.

A) performed;

B) is being performed;

C) performs;

D) has been performed.

This child … from autism for some years.

A) had been suffering;

B) has been suffered;

C) is being suffered;

D) was suffering.

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