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Describe a picture and give as many ideas as possible about the event. Justify your opinion. You have 30 seconds to think



VIDEO # 25 Warm up. ¸ Watch a video and guess what we are going to discuss now.  
1. Read the text and answer the following questions. You can use your own experience.  
  1. How can a lightning strike affect an aircraft?
  2. How can a lightning strike affect people on board?
  3. How can a controller assist an aircraft struck by lightning?
LIGHTNING STRIKE Aircraft are required to remain at least 20 miles from thunderstorms, to protect them against hail and turbulence and also from lightning. However, first two components of a thunderstorm cause more damage to an aircraft than a lightning does. Lightning can have different effects on an airplane, ranging from "no" effect, to severe damages, and even extreme cases – an explosion of fuel tanks. A lightning strike normally does not damage the airplane, although it may leave a burn mark. The lightning energy travels through the metal skin of the aircraft and sometimes into other areas of the aircraft. In a few cases the energy has damaged electronic and navigation equipment in the aircraft, but only a few aircraft have had major problems. In this case a pilot needs radar assistance, vectoring because he might be unsure of his position. Sometimes the communication might be lost either.
The passengers and crew may see a lightning flash and hear a noise if lightning strikes their plane, nothing serious can happen because of the lightning protection built into the aircraft. The skin of the aircraft can usually scatter the lightning energy to prevent problems. In aviation there are several ways to identify the location of a thunderstorm. One of them is the following: if there is a bang of a thunder after a flash of lightning in 10 seconds or less it means the thunderstorm activity is inside the aerodrome zone.  

2. Do the lightning quiz, choosing the correct answers. Then check your answers with the teacher.

 

1. Which type of clouds can warn a pilot of thunderstorms and possible lightning? a) Stratus b) Cumulonimbus c) Cirrus
2. Airliners can conduct lightning to the open air when they are made of this. a) Plastic b) Copper c) Aluminum
3. Some of the worst lightning strikes that pilots need to avoid come from this type of thunderstorm. a) Super cells b) Single cells c) Red sprite
4. How often does lightning typically strike airplanes?   a) Never strikes airplanes. b) Once in awhile a plane will be struck. c) Every airplane may be struck once a year or more.
5. Pilots try to avoid lightning by doing this.   a) Flying at a higher altitude and going above the storm. b) Taking a diversion around the storm. c) Both of the above.
6. What has been done to help protect airplanes against lightning? a) The skin of a plane is covered with a special paint to reflect lightning. b) All airplanes receive lightning certification tests. c) Planes are never allowed to fly if lightning is in the area.
7. Why is aluminum a good material for the exterior of an airplane? a) Aluminum is a good electrical conductor. b) Aluminum is light and so the plane can fly higher and go over storms. c) Aluminum is shiny and reflects the lightning away from the plane.
8. Why do planes continue to fly when there are thunderstorms if they might be hit by lightning? a) Airlines would make passengers angry if they didn't arrive on time. b) Planes are never struck by lightning. c) All thunderstorms, especially small ones can not always be avoided.

Listening and Speaking Bank.

Unit 5D. Exercise 3-4.

Read the instructions and do the task.

 




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