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ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE



UNIT 1

Exercise 1.

a) Read and translate the words without a dictionary:

 

Generation,aboyfriend, a girlfriend, prestigious, a profession, international, cooperation, problem, trouble, type

 

b)Read and memorize the words to the text:

 

on the contrary наоборот
misunderstanding непонимание
peers, n pl сверстники
the main character главный герой
poorly-paid position плохо оплачиваемая
to beg клянчить, выпрашивать
to distract from отвлекать
bearable, adj сносный
to argue, v спорить
tough, adj грубый
self-assured, adj самоуверенный
insensible, adj безразличный
to become, v зд.: подходить, годиться
tolerance, n терпимость
dull, adj глупый, скучный
to stand, v зд.: подвергаться
to face, v сталкиваться
to fall into a trap попасть в ловушку
to concern, v заниматься, интересоваться чем-л. (in, with)

 

Exercise 2.

a) Read and translate the text about problems of the modern youth and fill in the table:

YOUTH PROBLEMS

 

There are many problems that young people have to face when they stop being children. There are two types of problems- personal problems and the problems the whole generation has to face.

Personal problems can look silly and unimportant to the eyes of grown-ups, who have already passed this period of learning. For the young it is different. The first and terrible thing is misunderstanding from the dearest people - from the parents. They do not understand why I need to buy certain things, listen to certain music or spend most of my spare time with peers. Father says I am lazybones, mother cries sometimes. I don’t want to hurt their feelings but they should try to understand me. They don’t, they still think I’m a baby. But I’m 17 years old; I can makemy decisionsand understand everything concerning my life. That is the problem of generation gap. That’s why I spend most of the time with my friends - they understand that I’m grown-up already.

The same misunderstanding we face sometimes from the side of the teachers. They think that youth is given for studying. But a person who only studies is dull. Some teachers do not understand that youth is the time for us to learn about people and about ourselves, to play and try things. They try to keep us away from all “dangers” which make up life. Some grown-ups think that to have a boyfriend or a girlfriend at school is a deadly sin. I don’t think so. There are many films and books about love, and the main characters are usually young. I think, school is the right time to find a boyfriend or a girlfriend, because studying is difficult and they can support each other. It is important to have a person who really understands you. There can also be a problem, if your peers (classmates, for example) do not understand you.

Nowadays the problem of education is also very serious. The choice of educational institutions is wide today but the quality of training is different. Some of them are state, others are private. Some are very difficult to enter, others are easy to enter. The quality of knowledge the regional schools give is not enough for easy entrance and free studying at in Moscow or Saint-Petersburg universities so you have to pay for your education. Some educational institutions train really high-qualified specialists who can easily find a prestigious and well-paid jobs, others offer their graduates only poorly-paid positions. So the choice of the educational university depends on the school you study at, on your parents’ income, on the financial conditions of your family, on your likes and dislikes. But it is really important to find a suitable university and a profession to your taste because all your life depends on your choice.

The problem of money is rather painful as well. I think, young people need to have pocket money. When you are 17 years old you can be satisfied only with the things your parents buy for you (food, clothes). You have your hobbies and interests so you need money for buying books, CDs, going to the cinema and having a cup of coffee in a cafe with your girlfriend. But I don’t think it is a good idea to beg parents to give you some money. They would give much more if they earned enough. So the only way out is to find a part-time job, for example to work as a postman. Delivering advertisement newspapers is not so hard, it won’t distract you from studies as it will take you only 8 hours a week and give about 4000 roubles a month. It is not much but it is bearable and gives you some financial independence. Don’t get used to getting a free ride. To earn money by yourself means to be a grown-up.

Young people stand many health problems. Many of us want to look older and more independent. Everybody wants to go out of line so they do silly things. The girls make up as Red Indians on the war-path. They wear articles of clothes that do not become. They try to be fashionable-looking and lose their style and charm. The boys try to be tough, they are self-assured and insensible. Both boys and girls begin to smoke and drink beer and even stronger alcoholic drinks. Sometimes they begin to take drugs and become drug addicts. This is the point of no return as drugs ruin all their life and life of their parents. Very few of them give up taking drugs and start a new life. The main disadvantage of being young is the absence of life experience so it is easy to fall into a trap.

Still there are many advantages of being young. When you are young you are usually healthy, your brain works well, and you can study easily what you like. You are full of energy and can solve many problems the mankind has faced in the XXI century. These problems are environment, tolerance, and industrial development, maintenance of the world peace, international scientific cooperation and health.

 

b) Fill in the table using the information from the text. Think over and add the problems you consider to be important

 

Global problems Personal problems
   
   
   

 

c) Find in the text synonyms for the following words:

 

1. to debate  
2. to come across  
3. to ask for  
4. self  
5. to disturb  
6. senseless  
7. fellows  

 

 

d) Replace the words in the brackets with the corresponding English words:

 

1. The same (непонимание) we face sometimes from the side of the teachers.

2. Still there are many (преимущество) of being young.

3. There are many problems that young people have to (встречаться, сталкиваться) when they stop being children.

4. I don’t want (ранить, причинять боль) their feelings but they should try to understand me.

5. (зарабатывать) money by yourself means to be a grown-up.

6. The boys try to be tough, they are self-assured and (безразличный).

7. Drugs (разрушают) all their life and life of their parents.

 

e) Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary:

 

1. The chemical was poisonous so I was told to keep … … it.

2. It was rather difficult … me to find a book ... my test.

3. She has never begged … money; she has always achieved everything by hard work and patience.

4. The choice of the educational institution depends … many factors such as your financial conditions and your likes and dislikes.

5. Nothing could distract her … reading, she could read for hours.

6. Young people stand many health problems … present.

 

 

f) Make the sentences of your own with the words in black.

 

Exercise 3.

a) Agree or disagree to the following statements. If you do not agree express your own opinion. If you agree prove the idea.

 

1. Young people stand many health problems.

2. When you are 17 years old you can be satisfied only with the things your parents buy for you.

3. Everybody wants to go out of line so young people often do silly things.

4. The choice of the educational university depends only on your likes and dislikes.

5. The only way out is to find a part-time job, for example to work as a postman or to deliver advertisement newspapers.

 

b) Find in the text the answers to the following questions:

 

1. What types of problems do young people have to face when they stop being children?

2. What is the first and really the most terrible thing for young people?

3. Is the problem of education very serious nowadays?

4. Do you think school is the right time to find a boyfriend or a girlfriend?

5. Have you ever earned money by yourself?

6. What are in your opinion the advantages of being young?

7. Do you consider taking drugs dangerous?

 

Exercise 4.Translate the sentences from Russian into English, use a dictionary when necessary:

 

1. Молодые люди часто уходят из дома из-за непонимания с родителями.

2. Многие мои сверстники все еще клянчат деньги у родителей, но я зарабатываю сама.

3. Правильный выбор будущей профессии определяет твое будущее и обеспечивает хорошо оплачиваемую работу.

4. Любящие родители, верные друзья, интересная работа - все это составляет счастливую жизнь.

5. Из-за непонимания в семье и в школе многие подростки начинают принимать наркотики и употреблять спиртные напитки, но это не решает их проблемы.

 

Exercise 5.Read the information about the survey and express your opinion on the importance of the problems.

The respondents were asked to name the most important problems of contemporary young people, which "cramp their lives". 83% agreed to answer this question. The following answers were given (data in % of those surveyed):

 

unemployment ("it is difficult to get a job for graduates"; "nobody wants hard work, but to get a good job is difficult"; "there is employment discrimination against young people, because they lack experience")
difficulties with getting an education ("high cost of education"; "there is an intention to study, but no money for it")
financial problems ("lack of money"; "poverty")
housing problems
no organized leisure ("leisure is poorly organized, lack of clubs"; "there is no place to relax")
society and state pay little attention to young people ("our state abandoned them"; "there are no organizations like the Komsomol for young people")
instability, poor safety, uncertainty in tomorrow ("cobweb future"; "uncertainty in life"; "no prospects")
conflict between generations ("understanding of parents"; "conflict between fathers and sons")

 

UNIT 2

Exercise 1.

 

a) Read and translate the words and phrases without a dictionary:

 

used to, health, wealth, habit, smoking, alcohol, heart and lung diseases,

a calorie-controlled diet, alcoholic drink, a vegetarian diet, beer alcoholism,

the institute of social research, the highest risk category, accompany

 

b)Read the words and pay special attention to their pronunciation (check the pronunciation in a dictionary if necessary):

 

pneumonia, emphysema, cancer, excessive, hamburger, accuracy, discotheque, conscious, obese, partiality, warrant

c) Read and memorize the words to the text:

 

health-conscious думающий о здоровье
dramatically, adv разительно, поразительно, значительно, сильно
to cause, v послужить причиной
publicity, n гласность, публичность
to employ, v применять, использовать
to ban, v налагать запрет; запрещать
to improve, v улучшать
addict, n to addict, v заядлый любитель чего-л.; приверженец увлекаться, быть заядлым любителем чего-л.
obese, adj тучный, толстый, страдающий ожирением
to reduce, v ослаблять, понижать, сокращать, уменьшать
nutrition, n питание
to consume, v потреблять
to slim (down ), v (по)худеть, (по)терять в весе
abuse, n abuse, v злоупотребление злоупотреблять
partiality, n склонность, пристрастие
to warrant, v служить оправданием, основанием

 

Exercise 2.

 

a) Read the text once and fill in the table, choose the correct title for each part of the text:

 

A – Moderation in eating habits is a right way to health

B – Smoking must be banned

C - Drug abuse is the result of a decline in morals and culture

D - Going in for sports means to be healthy

E - Lots of alcoholism cases are dealt with young people

F - Being health-conscious is in fashion

 

           

 

b) Read and translate the text:

 

 




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