What causes oil pollution?

1 Oil causes pollution of rivers, lakes, and oceans. Bur where does this oil come from? Scientists believe that waste oil is responsible for the most pollution. Some of this comes from industry, some from our roads, and some is thrown away by people.

2 Oil leaks and spills happen because of technical problems, mistakes, vandalism (damage caused by people for no reason), accidents, or war. The smallest amount of oil comes from offshore drilling activities where oil is sometimes spilled because of burst (broken) pipes or human error (mistakes made by people). Major oil tanker disasters account for slightly more oil pollution. Accidents with ships are the result of ships hitting each other or hitting sand or rocks below the water. Accidents happen because of human error, poor maintenance, or poor communication between the crew members working on the ship. They can also happen when bad weather forces oil tanker against a rocky coast.

3 A major oil leak or spill can result in very serious damage to plants and animals, the environment, and the local economy. Some parts of the environment are more easily damaged than others. For example, in water near the coast there are thousands of plants and animals that could die.

4 Governments and oil companies around the world are working together to reduce oil pollution. Improved safety training and management means fewer spills. Satellite and aircraft are used to quickly identify new cases of pollution. New technical measures include double-hulled tankers (ships with one body inside another).

Практическая работа № 2

Health and safety

Задание 1. Сопоставьте картинки с названиями средств защиты.

hard hat / helmet

lifeline

overalls

safety boots

harness

gloves

ear protectors

eye protectors / goggles

a. _______

b. _______

c. _______

d. _______

e. _______

f. _______

g. _______

h. _______

Задание 2. Дополните предложения названиями средств защиты из Задания 1.

1. A _______ protects your head.

2. _______ protect your eyesight.

3. _______ protect your feet.

4. _______ protect your hands.

5. A _______ protects you from a fall.

6. _______ protect your body from cold and wind.

Задание 3. Сопоставьте знаки с их значением. Переведите предложения.

Задание 4. Прочитайте текст инструктажа, который дает старший бригады перед началом работ. Ответьте на вопросы. Переведите текст.

OK, everyone. We're working on the west side of the platform so I want you to take extra special care. It's always windy up there, so put on your overalls. It's also going to be slippery up there, so lifelines are a must. If you fall, there are no second chances. Remember to check that the colour coding on all equipment is up-to-date. Make sure that the lifelines and harnesses are in perfect condition. Never work directly over or under one of your mates. Don't leave tools lying around. Keep them on your tool belts. If they fall, it will injure someone. Mind your heads when you go up between levels. When you climb, only move one hand or foot at a time. Can I remind you to keep your hard hats and eye-protectors on at all times? Don't forget to attach your lifelines to an eye hole. One last thing: watch out for seabirds. They can be dangerous. So, everyone, be careful and be safe. Don't do anything risky. I'll come and check on you in an hour.

1. Where are they working and what are the conditions?

2. What does he tell them to wear?

3. What safety equipment do they need to use?

4. What special danger does he talk about at the end?

Задание 5. Прочитайте текст и скажите, являются ли утверждения правильными.

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