Віднайдіть у тексті та випишіть 10 інтернаціоналізмів, 10 термінів і термінологічних словосполучень, дайте їх переклад українською. 5 балiв

Завдання № 3.

Заповніть пропуски у реченнях відповідними словами, обраними серед

Поданих нижче: 5 балiв

Magnesium, elongation, wrought, manganese, casting.

1. The addition of 0.1-0.5 per cent … raises the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys.

2. Magnesium alloys are classified into two groups: wrought alloys and … alloys.

3. The mechanical properties of …, are very low and pure magnesium is not employed in engineering.

4. Up to 2 per cent zinc is added to improve the relative … and castability.

5. … magnesium alloys MAI and MA2 are less frequently used as sheets, tubing or bar stock.

Завдання № 4.

Утворiть речення, використовуючи записанi нижче слова:

Балiв

1. Metals, of, consist, two, alloys, or, more.

2. Wide, their, mechanical, ensure, mgnesium, application, properties, of, alloys, of.

3. Is, the, solution, freezing, melt, metals, more, liquid, two, or, the, of, the, of.

4. Increases, amount, the, cent, 11, to, up, per, alluminium, fluidity, alloy, the, of, the, of.

Завдання № 5.

Дайте відповіді на питання за текстом: 5 балiв

1. What specific gravity has magnesium?

2. What is the melting point of magnesium?

3. Why is pure magnesium not employed in engi­neering?

4. What are the principal alloying elements in magne­sium alloys?

5. For what purpose are small additions of cerium, zirconium аnd beryllium

added to magnesium?

Завдання № 6.

Перекладіть запропонованi речення, звертаючи особливу увагу на рiзнi значення видiленого слова:

Балiв

1. At the end of the LAST century scientists were making a close study of the structure of natural rubber.

2. At LAST a rubber-like substance was obtained which became a building stone for the production of synthetic rubbers.

3. These new materials LAST for a much longer time than natural rubber.

4. Although this branch of industry has already made great progress, it is not the LAST attempt to improve the quality of these highly valuable materials.

Завдання № 7.

Напишіть та запам’ятайте переклад наступних слів та словосполучень:

Балiв

Machine-tools; step-cone head; plain bearings; cross-section area; fitting; tolerance; faceplate; thrust washers; bed; gear teeth; to cut threads; face plate; turret lathe; automatic screw machine; upright drilling machine; spindle; to mount smth; milling nachines; rotating cutters; gear drive; jack screw; spacing washers; locking nut; shaper; to lubricate with oil; tap; planer; slotting machine; rack-and-pinion drive; dog clutches.

Загальна максимальна рейтингова оцінка: 52 бали

ВАРІАНТ № 22.

Завдання № 1.

Прочитайте та перекладіть письмово текст:

Балів

CAST IRON

Cast iron is one of the oldest ferrous alloys known to man. It is the cheapest of the ferrous metals and must be cast into shape as it does not possess the necessary plasticity to form it into the desired shapes by plastic methods when in the solid state. Until the last time cast iron was almost universally considered by designing engineers as a cheap, brittle material possessing little strength in ten­sion or shear and practically no ductility, though having comparatively good crushing strength and resistance to wear and abrasion. But at the present time cast iron has become an important material of engineering construction assuming the position it deserves.

There are many variations in the structure and physical properties available in so-called "cast iron". However, we may classify all cast irons into three groups: grey cast iron, white cast iron, and malleable cast iron. The term "grey" and "white" when applied to cast iron refers to the appear­ance of fracture of the casting. Malleable cast iron gets its name from the distortion this iron may undergo with­out fracturing. It is much more ductile and tough than either white or grey cast iron.

Grey cast iron constitutes one of the most valued cast metals. It may be made by melting pig iron and scrap in the cheapest of melting processes, the cupola, and then cast into, molds forming intricate shapes that may vary from a few grams to many tons in weight. Many grey cast irons are now cast with the addition of some of the more common alloying elements, such as nickel, copper, mo­lybdenum, chromium. The alloys are used to improve the strength and hardness of the castings without greatly de­creasing their machinability.

White cast iron has practically all of its carbon in the combined state as cementite. If white cast iron were slowly cooled in the molds it would have a structure of ferrite and free carbon in the form of graphite. If cast iron were cooled relatively fast or chilled in the molds, a structure con­sisting of martensite and cementite could be formed result­ing in a harder and more wear resisting casting.

Malleable cast iron is made by a process of annealing a hard, brittle white cast iron. A white iron casting is placed in a furnace and slowly heated to 1550-1600° F., which usually requires two days. Then the cast metal is al­lowed to cool slowly at a rate not exceeding 8 to 10 degrees per hour until the heat reaches 1200° F. This treatment changes the hard brittle white cast iron into a soft, ductile product called malleable cast iron. This form of cast iron finds many applications.

Завдання № 2.

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