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UNIVERSITY DROP-OUT RATES REFLECT STUDENTS' CLASS ROOTS
The class (1)_______ in education was exposed last week in the first official figures showing a yawning (2)_______ between the elite universities and newer institutions with a less privileged (3)_______, where one student in every three fails to stay the course. The tables, collated by the Higher Education Funding Council for England, (4)_______ more than a score of universities and colleges of higher education where at least 30% of the full-time students come from independent schools and far (5)_______ those from working-class homes. These institutions with high A-level (6)______ requirements are characterized by tiny drop-out rates. At Cambridge university only 1% of full-time students fail (7)_______ an undergraduate degree: 48% came from (8)_______ independent schools and only 8 % from working class homes. Independent schools (9)_______ more than a third of the intake the universities of Bristol, Durham, London, Oxford, Newcastle, Edinburgh, St Andrews and the Royal Veterinary College. At the other end of the (10)_______, the university of East London takes 40% of its students from working-class homes and only 6%from private schools. Its drop-out (11)______ is the highest in Britain. On average only 16% of first-year, (12)______ students fail to get a degree, as against 28% in Germany, 37% in the United States, 45% in France and 66%in Italy. But the National Union of Students said the drop-out rate among students from poorer back-grounds was unacceptably high.
11.d Answer the following questions, using the information from the text and your own experience. 1. What measure taken by the Labour Government contributed to market orientation of British higher education? What were the consequences of the new financial arrangements? 2. With the introduction of marketing principles to higher education British students started thinking of themselves as customers. Do you think it is a positive development? Which is more appealing to you: to be a student or a customer? 3. What evidence did the author of the article produce to prove that the last two British Governments, which tried to introduce the market to higher education, had themselves become victims of the market principle? 4. The author of the article points to three major causes of the graduate dropout rate in Britain. Can you think of some other causes, which are not mentioned in the article? 5. What does the author mean by "student radicalism"? Do you think it is more typical of British or Ukrainian students? 6. Statistics show that the dropout rate in the British elite universities is much lower than in the newer institutions with a less privileged intake. What, in your opinion, can this gap reflect? 7. What is your idea of the wide range of courses provided by the British universities? Does it really contribute to high standards of education or has it sometimes a negative effect? 8. What measures can be taken by the Government to reduce the high dropout rate?
11.e Work with a partner to compare the image of the university dropout in Britain and in Ukraine. Has the image of the Ukrainian dropout changed within the last few decades? Support your viewpoints with any relevant examples. Share your ideas with the whole group. VI. HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE US
1.a Read the text about types of US colleges, their administration and finance and do the tasks that follow.
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by John Carvel