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Unit 6 Washington D. C.
8.6.1 Read and translate the text
Washington D.C.
Washington is the capital of the United States of America. It is situated on the Potomac River in the District of Columbia. The population of the city is 900,000 people. Washington was named after the first US president George Washington. He selected the place for the capital. It was founded in 1790. Since 1800 Washington D. C. has been the federal capital. The French engineer, Pierre L'Enfant designed the city. Washington D. С. isn't like other cities of the USA. It has long wide avenues, gardens, beautiful parks and no skyscrapers at all, because no other building must be taller then the Capitol. The Capitol is the seat of the American Congress. The 535 members of the Congress meet here to discuss the nation's affairs. It is situated in the centre of the city. The Capitol has a big white dome standing on a circle of pillars. It is a huge building, full of paintings and statues. The White House is the official residence of the US President. It was built in 1799. The US President works and lives there. Washington is a large scientific and cultural centre. There are many museums, theatres, research institutes, five universities, the National Academy of Science and the Library of Congress there. The Library of Congress is situated not far from the Capitol. It is the largest library in the States. It contains more than 13 million books, more than 19 million manuscripts, including the personal papers of the US presidents. There is one more well-known building in Washington — Pentagon. It is the residence of the US Military department. It is situated in the suburbs to the south of the Potomac. There are many monuments in the city. The most impressive and the best-known ones are the Lincoln Memorial, the Washington Monument and the Jefferson Memorial. Thousands of tourists visit Washington every day. Washington D. С. is the city where you think about the glorious history of the USA.
8.6.2 Post -Text Exercises
8.6.2.1 Pronounce the following words and proper names
Potomac - p. Потомак District of Columbia - округ Колумбия Washington D. С. - Вашингтон Pierre L'enfant - Пьер Ланфан the Capitol - Капитолий the Congress - Конгресс the Library of Congress - Библиотека конгресса the Lincoln Memorial - памятник Линкольну the Washington Monument - памятник Вашингтону the Jefferson Memorial — памятник Джефферсону to name - называть to select - выбирать to found - основывать to design - проектировать, создавать avenue - проспект skyscraper - небоскреб affair - дело dome - купол circle - круг pillar - столб, колонна huge - огромный research - исследовательский to contain - содержать manuscript - рукопись suburb - пригород impressive – производящий впечатление glorious - славный, знаменитый
8.6.2.2 Answer the questions
1 What is the capital of the USA? 2 Where is Washington situated? 3 What is the population of the city? 4 Who was Washington named after? 5 Who selected the place for the capital? 6 When was the city founded? 7 Who designed the city? 8 Since what time has Washington D. С. been the federal capital? 9 Why isn't Washington D. C. like other cities of the USA? 10 Where is the seat of the American Congress? Where is this building situated? 11 Can you describe the Capitol? 12 Where is the official residence of the US President? When was it built? 13 What is Washington D. C. famous for? 14 What is the largest library in the states? Where is it situated? 15 How many books and manuscripts does the Library of Congress contain? 16 What building is the residence of the US Military department? Where is it situated? 17 What monuments do you know in Washington D. C.? 18 Do you want to visit Washington D. C.? Why?
8.6.2.3 Match the two parts of the sentences
8.6.2.4 Put in the missing words according to the text
1 The 535 members of the Congress meet here to discuss the nation's ... 2 Pentagon is situated in the ... to the south of the Potomac. 3 There are many museums, theatres, ..., five universities, the National Academy of Science and the Library of Congress there.. 4 The Capitol is ... building, full of ... and statues. 5 Washington D. C. has long wide ... gardens, beautiful parks and no ... at all. 6 Washington is situated on ... in the District of Columbia. 7 The Library of Congress contains more than 13 million books, more than 19 million ... including the personal... of the US presidents. 8 The Capitol has a big white ... standing on a circle of ... .
8.6.2.5 Choose the correct verb for each blank: is, meet, has been, is situated, selected, contains, has designed, was built
1 The White House ... in 1799. 2 Pentagon ... in the suburbs to the south of the Potomac. 3 Since 1800 Washington D. С. ... the federal capital. 4 The French engineer, Pierre L'Enfant, ... Washington D. С. 5 The Capitol... a big white dome standing on a circle of pillars. 6 The Library of Congress ... more than 13 mil lion books, more than 19 million manuscripts, including the personal papers of the US presidents. 7 George Washington ... the place for the capital. 8 The 535 members of the Congress ... here to discuss the nation's affairs. 9 Pentagon ... the residence of the US Military department.
8.6.2.6 Read and learn the dialogues by heart. Then act them out
Dialogue 1
- Well, Donald, could you do me a favour? - Yes, what is it, Ronald? - I know you have been living in Washington for about five years. You must know it very well. Could you tell me something about the capital of the USA? - With great pleasure, Ronald. George Washington, the first President of the USA, after whom the city was named, selected the area for the capital. A hundred square miles were taken from the states of Maryland and Virginia. It was called - Is the city well planned? - Yes, it is. The city is divided into four sections: NW (north-west), NE (north-east), SW (south-west) and SE (south-east). Numbered streets run north and south: First Street, Second Street... Lettered streets such as A-street, B- - I'll try to remember it. - Bear it in mind that every section has an independent street division. If you are looking for Third Street, you should know in what section of the city it is. - What's the heart of Washington? - The Capitol is. All the tourists begin sightseeing from the Capitol and see the Senate Chamber, the Representative Hall, the Statuary Hall and so on. - Are there any monuments in the city? - Of course. The Washington Monument which is 555 feet tall is called "Pencil" because of its shape. It is three blocks south of the White House. There is an elevator which will carry you to 500 foot level observation windows. You should - I'll follow your advice. I hear the Library of Congress is worth seeing. - That's right. It contains millions of books and manuscripts. Are you interested in churches and cathedrals? - Yes, I am. - You should see the Washington Cathedral in Massachusetts Avenue, the Arlington National Cemetery which is outside the city limits. John F. Kennedy was buried there. The famous Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is worth seeing too.
Dialogue 2
Alice: Hi! Glad to meet you. You look wonderful. Mary: Hi! Thanks. Alice: Had good holidays? Mary: Yes, I travelled about the USA. Alice: Oh? What was it like? Mary: It was great! Alice: What cities did you visit? Mary: A lot. New York, Los Angeles, San-Francisco and Washington. Alice: You are lucky! I'm going to Washington next holidays, too. What would you advise me to see in Washington in the first place? Mary: Oh! Washington is one of the most beautiful and unusual cities in the United States. Alice: Unusual! Why? Mary: First, it's the capital of the country. Washington is very green and you can hardly find a park, a square or an open area in Washington without a monument or a memorial. Alice: I see. I'm looking forward to my holidays and visiting Washington. Unit 7 New York
8.7.1 Read and translate the text
New York
New York is the largest city in the United States and one of the largest cities in the world. Its population is over eight million. It is situated in New York State, at the mouth of the Hudson River. In early times the New York area was populated by Indians. In 1626 the Dutch Trade Company bought Manhattan Island from the local Indians for twenty four dollars. Here the Dutch founded their colony and gave it the name New Amsterdam. Forty years later the English fleet entered the habour, captured the city and renamed it New York. New York consists of five parts, called boroughs. They are Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and Richmond. All districts of New York are linked together by numerous bridges. Manhattan is an island 13 miles long and 2 miles wide. It is the centre of American finance, advertising, art, theatre, publishing, fashion and everything else. It is the real centre of the city. Manhattan is divided into the East Side and the West Side. The dividing line is Fifth Avenue. Manhattan is also divided into Lower (Downtown) Manhattan and Upper (Uptown) Manhattan. 1,500,000 people live in Manhattan but five million people work here every day. Many of New York offices, the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the Empire State Building are situated here. New York is a city of "skyscrapers." The first skyscraper in New York was built in 1902. It was twenty storeys high. Now you can have a good view of New York City from the top of the Empire State Building (102 storeys). The Empire State Building is one of the tallest buildings in the world. It was built in 1931. It has become a symbol of New York. The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy. It stands on Liberty Island in New York port. France gave the statue to America in 1884 as a symbol of friendship. Liberty carries the torch of freedom in her right hand. In her left hand she is holding a tablet with the inscription "July 4, 1776" — American Independence Day. Today New York City is nicknamed "the Big Apple," because it has an energy that few other cities can equal. New York is an industrial and cultural centre of the country. The most important branches of industry are producing vehicles, glass, and chemicals. There are many museums, art galleries, theatres here. There are two world-famous streets in New York — Broadway and Fifth Avenue. Broadway is the centre of the theatres and night life. Fifth Avenue is the great shopping, hotel and club avenue. 8.7.2 Post -Text Exercises
8.7.2.1 Pronounce the following words and proper names
New York -Нью-Йорк Hudson River – р. Гудзон the Dutch Trade Company - Голландская торговая компания Manhattan - Манхэттэн New Amsterdam - Нью-Амстердам Brooklyn - Бруклин Queens - Квинс the Bronx - Бронкс Richmond – Ричмонд the New York Stock Exchange - Фондовая биржа Нью-Йорка the Empire State Building - Эмпайер Стейт Билдинг Broadway - Бродвей the Statue of Liberty - Статуя Свободы Fifth Avenue - Пятая Авеню to populate - населять local - местный to enter - входить harbour - гавань to capture - захватывать силой to rename - переименовать to consist of - состоять из borough - небольшой город, район numerous - многочисленный wide - широкий advertising - реклама publishing - издательский бизнес fashion - мода to divide - разделять lower - нижний upper - верхний skyscraper - небоскреб view - вид democracy - демократия to carry - нести torch - факел freedom - свобода tablet - дощечка (с надписью) inscription - надпись to nickname - давать прозвище energy - энергия equal - равный; to equal - сравниться branch - отрасль vehicle - транспортное средство chemical – химический
8.7.2.2 Answer the questions
1 What is the largest city in the USA? 2 What is the population of New York? 3 Where is New York situated? 4 Who was the New York area populated by in early times? 5 When was Manhattan bought from the local Indians? How much did it cost? 6 When did the English fleet enter the harbour and capture the city? 7 How many parts does New York consist of? What are they? 8 How are the districts of New York linked together? 9 What is the real centre of the city? 10 How many parts is Manhattan divided into? 11 What avenue of Manhattan is the dividing line? 12 How many people live in Manhattan? How many people work there? 13 When was the first skyscraper in New York built? 14 What statue is the symbol of American democracy? 15 Where does the Statue of Liberty stand? 16 What country gave this statue to America as a present? When? Why? 17 What is there in the hands of Liberty? 18 Why is the nickname of New York "the Big Apple"? 19 New York is an industrial and cultural centre of the USA, isn't it? 20 What most important branches of industry are there? 21 What two world-famous streets in New York do you know? 22 What are they famous for?
8.7.2.3 Put in the missing words according to the text 1 Manhattan is an island 13 miles... and 2 miles. 2 In early times the New York area was populated by ... . 3 In her left hand she is holding ... with ... "July 4, 1776" – American Independence Day. 4 The first ... in New York was built in 1902. 5 New York consists of five parts, called ... . 6 All districts of New York are linked together by ... bridges. 7 New York has an energy that few other cities can ... . 8 The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American ... . 9 The most important... of industry are producing ... . 10 New York is the centre of American ..., .... art, theatre and everything else. 11 The first skyscraper in New York was twenty ... high.
8.7.2.4 Read the beginning of the sentence and find its end in the text
1 Manhattan is the centre of American ... 2 The Statue of Liberty is the symbol ... 3 New York consists of five parts, called boroughs. They are ... 4 In 1626 the Dutch Trade Company bought ... 5 Today New York City is nicknamed ... 6 Liberty carries ... in her left hand she ... 7 It is situated in New York State ... 8 Forty years later the English fleet ... 9 There are two world-famous streets in New York 10 Manhattan is divided ... 11 New York is a city of ... 12 Manhattan is the centre of ... .
8.7.2.5 Choose the correct verb for each blank renamed, carries, gave, has, is divided, entered, is nicknamed, has, are linked, bought, captured
1 Manhattan ... into the East Side and the West Side. 2 All districts of New York ... together by numerous bridges. 3 France ... the statue to America in 1884 as a symbol of friendship. 4 In 1626 the Dutch Trade Company ... Manhattan Island from the local Indians for twenty four dollars. 5 Liberty ... the torch of freedom in her right hand. 6 Today New York City ... "the Big Apple", because it... an energy that few other cities can equal. 7 Forty years later the English fleet ... the harbour, ... the city and ... it New York. 8 New York City ... an energy that few other cities can equal.
8.7.2.6 Read and learn the dialogues by heart. Then act them out
Dialogue 1
- I say, Mike, what are your plans for today? - Nothing special. Why? - I want you to show me round. You have been living in New York for almost eight years, so you know better what is worth seeing. - All right. You'll come for a ride with me and I'll show you some of the sights. - It will be very kind of you. - So we can start from Washington Square and go along Fifth Avenue. We shall pass Greenwich Village and Union Square. - The only thing I know is that Fifth Avenue is the place where very rich people live. - That's right. Do you know what Times Square is famous for? - No idea. - It's famous for its theaters and movies. If you are interested in skyscrapers you should pay attention to the Empire State Building. - There must be your famous Central Park nearby. - Yes, it is a pleasure ground and besides there are a number of museums there. - We'll go to the museums tomorrow. Agreed? - Sure. Now I want you to see Park Avenue which is a fashionable residential section of the city. It's on the opposite side of Central Park from Broadway. - I hear the Frick Museum and the famous Metropolitan Museum are there. - That's right. Do you want to watch a game of baseball? - Yes, I do. - In that case I'll take you to the Stadium. Tomorrow I'll show you some other sights: Rockefeller Center Radio City, George Washington Bridge and Bronx Zoological Gardens. - I am looking forward to visiting those places. Dialogue 2
Alex: Hello, Steve! Nice meeting you again. How have you been? Steve: Hi! I've been quite well and I'm happy to see you too. Where have you been all this time? Alex: I was having my vacation in New York. Steve: Did you like it there? Alex: "Like" is not the right word. It was great! Steve: How long were you in New York, Alex? Alex: About two weeks. Steve: What have you seen? Alex: Not much, I'm afraid. I've been on a sightseeing tour, through squares, monuments, historical buildings and all that. Steve: Have you visited the Museum of Modern Art? Alex: Not yet. But I've read a lot about it. Steve: What a pity! Their Impressionists are very good. Alex: Yes, Cezanne is my favourite. But between you and me, I don't understand abstractionists. I mean I don't know what people see in them. Steve: Tastes differ.
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