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IX. Translate into English using non-finite forms of the verbs



1. Этот метод, открытый много лет назад, стал использоваться лишь недавно.

2. После того, как был проведен анализ рисков, руководству был предложен ряд мер по защите информационных активов.

3. Мы знаем, что первые шифровальные машины были изобретены в Древней Греции.

4. Выполнить это задание - нелегко.

5. Первое руководство по криптографии в Европе, включающее различные виды шифров, было создано в Италии.

6. Будучи хорошо продуманной, система безопасности предприятия не допускала нарушений.

7. Разработанный межсетевой экран имеет ряд преимуществ.

8. Вероятно, разработка надежных средств аутентификации – нелегкая задача.

9. Разработка, основанная на этом методе, представлена в докладе.

10. После обнаружения вирус уничтожается.

X. Communication

Project Presentation

Chairman. Study the project beforehand. Be ready to conduct the meeting, ask your questions and make some conclusions.

Developers. Present your project. Try to point out the advantages of using your development.

Consumers. You’re interested in buying the product which will be efficient and cost-effective. Think of your questions to the developers and comment on your choice.

Secretary. Be ready to make notes of the presentation, questions and answers.

XI. Writing.Write the abstract of your project work.

APPENDIX 1

GRAMMAR REFERENCE

Unit 2

  Every day, usually, every year, seldom … Yesterday, last time, last year, a week ago, when… Tomorrow, next time, next year, in a week…  
Simple   Present Past Future I We You will (‘ll)play They will (‘ll)write He She  
He She  
  Do I you we they     play? write?     Did I you we they he she     play? write? I we Willyou they he she     play? write?  
Does he she  
I You do notplay We (don’t)write They   He does notplay She (doesn’t)write I You We did notplay They (didn’t) write He She   I We You will notplay They (won’t)write He She  
         
         
  At the moment, now At that time, yesterday, at 5 o’clock, when he came Tomorrow, at this time, this time, next Monday  
Progressive (be + ing – form) I am     playing writing I He She was playing writing I We be playing He will (‘ll) She be writing You They      
You We They   are    
We You They were  
He She is    
Am I     playing? writing?   Was   I he she     playing? writing? I we be playing? Will he she be writing? you they  
Are you we they  
  Were we you they  
Is   he she  
I am not   You We are notplaying They (aren’t)writing He is not She (isn’t) I He was not She (wasn’t) playing You writing We were not They (weren’t)     I We He will notbe playing She (won’t) be writing You They      
         
         
  Today, already, yet, this week (month, year), never, recently, since… By 5 o’clock, by the end of…, when he came By this time, next Monday, as soon as, he came  
Prefect (have + V3) I You We They   have       played written I You We They He She     had       played written I We have played You will He have written She They  
He She has    
I Havewe you they Hashe she     played? written?     Had I we you they he she     played? written? I we played? Willyou have they written? he she  
I You have not We (haven’t) They played written He has not She (hasn’t) I You We had notplayed They(hadn’t) written He She   I We have played You will not He (won’t) She have played They  
  Present Past Future  
                                 

 

 

  Present Past  
Since then, for an hour, already, for a long time… How long...? Since when…? Since the time when, before…  
Perfect Progressive (have been + ing – from) I You have We They been playing been writing He has She I You We hadbeen playing/ writing They He She  
I we Haveyou they been playing? been writing? Hashe she I you Hadwe been playing/ writing? they he she  
I You We have not They (haven’t)been playing been writing He has not She (hasn’t) I You We had notbeen playing They (hadn’t)been writing He She
           

Unit 3

Passive Voice

  Passive
Simple Progressive Perfect Perfect Progressive
Present sometimes, every day, often, always, etc. am is asked are now, still, at the moment am is being asked are already, ever, just, never, yet have been asked has Вместо отсутствующих форм Perfect Progressive употребляются формы Perfect
Past yesterday, two years ago, in 1995, etc. was asked were when he came, at that moment, etc. was being asked were by the time, already, etc. have been asked has
Future tomorrow willbe asked вместо отсутствующей формы Future Progressive употребляется Future Simple by the time in the future will have been asked
Инфи- нитив be V3 be being V3 have been V3

Unit 5

Употребление.

 




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