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Questions (with the auxiliary verb)

Unit1. Diodes

Language Work

 

Present Simple

Positive

I/we/you/they amplify/define / direct    
he/she/it amplifies/defines / directs    

For example:

· Diodes permit current to flow in only one direction.

· The dictionary defines electronics as the study of conduction of electricity.

 

Spelling

-es after -s / -sh / -ch: pass ®passes, finish ®finishes, watch ®watches

-y ® -ies: study ®studies, rectify ®rectifies

also: do ®does, go ®goes

Reading

  directs
–s(es) defines, amplifies
  passes

Remember:

I/we/you/they ® have

he/she/it ® has

For example:

· Diodes have 2 basic elements.

· Every diode has a cathode and a plate.

Negative (with the auxiliary verb)

I/we/you/they don't   amplify/define / direct
he/she/it doesn't    

For example:

· Diodes don’t permit current to flow in opposite directions.

· Positive voltage on the plate doesn’t repel electrons.

 

Negative (with NO auxiliary verb)

I/we/you/they/he/she/it can/ may/must not amplify/define / direct
I/we/you/they/he/she/it am/is/are not a physicist(s)
I/we/you/they/he/she/it have/has no/hasn’t or don’t/doesn’t have -/a heater

For example:

· These devices can’t be amplifiers.

· They are not physicists.

· This gadget doesn’t have a/has no heater.

 

Remember: There is no grid in a diode. But: There isn’t a grid in a diode.

A diode has no grid. A diode hasn’t a grid.

Questions (with the auxiliary verb)

Do I/we/you/they amplify/define / direct?
Does he/she/it  

For example:

· Do diodes permit current to flow in only one direction?

· Does the dictionary define electronics as the study of conduction of electricity?

 

Questions (with NO auxiliary verb)

Can/ may/must Am/is/are Have/has I/we/you/they/ he/she/it I/we/you/they /he/she/it I/we/you/they/ he/she/it amplify/define/direct? (a) physicist(s)/direct current? a heater?

For example:

· Can these devices be amplifiers?

· Are they physicists?

· Has this gadget a heater?/Does this gadget have a heater?

Remember: 1. I am a physicist, aren’t I?

2. In the following examples, do is also the main verb (do you do / doesn't do etc.):

□ 'What do you do?' I work in a shop.'

□ He's always so lazy. He doesn't do anything to help.

The verb to be

I am (I'm)   I am not (I'm not)    
he   (he's)   he     (he's not or he isn't)
she is (she's)   she is not (she's not or she isn't)
it   (it's)   it     (it's not or it isn't)
we   (we're)   we     (we're not or we aren't)
you are (you're)   you are not (you're not or you aren't)
they   (they're)   they     (they're not or they aren't)

For example:

· I am/am not a physicist.

· He is/is not a famous scientist.

· Rectifier isn’t an electrical device.

· It isn’t easy to explain the operation of semiconductor devices.

 

Fill in the table

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb Translation Transcription
    alternating      
amplification   amplifying   усиление
anode        
  apply        
  attract        
cathode        
  compare (to, with)        
circuit       схема  
charge          
conduction conductivity conductor semiconductor         (n)   (v)
current AC(a.c.=alternating current) DC(d.c.=direct current)          
development       разработка  
device        
diode          
      directly  
electrode          
           
electron          
  emit        
flow          
heat heat        
operator operation          
patent             (n,v)
phenomenon (pl.- phenomena)       явление  
  repel        
rectifier        
source        
  switch (on/off)        
tube          
unit       блок, элемент  
vacuum            

2. Read and translate the following international words:

Nouns (n): academy, anode, author, battery, cathode, detector, diode, electricity, electrode, electron, electronics, element, energy, engineer, experiment, expert, gas, hobby, institute, method, million, operation, patent, pharmacology, principle, process, profession, radio, rouble, signal, student, symbol, vacuum, voltage.

Adjectives (adj): effective, electric, medical, neg­ative, official, positive.

Verbs (v): register, process.

 

3. Consult the table above and write full sentences. Useis/are. Where possible change sentences to use isn’t/aren’t.

1) Rectifier …. an electrical device.

2) There … an anode and a cathode in a diode.

3) … it easy to explain the operation of semiconductor devices?

4) New devices … more powerful.

5) In some diodes there … a gas and current flows from one element to the other through a gas.

6) Look at fig. X. This … a cathode and these … a plate and a battery.

7) The physical principles of this phenomenon may … quite different.

8) Anodes … positively charged electrodes by which the electrons leave a device.

9) Electronics … a science which studies the conduction of electricity in a vacuum, gases and semiconductors.

10) Cathodes (in electron tubes) … electrodes from which emission takes place.

11) Diode … a device that permits current to flow through it in only one direction.

12) There … a lot of analogue and digital equipment at our university.

4. Complete the sentences using the following verbs: emit(s), occur(s), flow(s), define(s), repel(s), attract(s), have(has).

1. We can … electronics as the study of conduction of electricity in a vacuum, in gases and in semiconductors.

2. The conduction of electricity in a vacuum for example … in vacuum tubes.

3. Though in some vacuum tubes current … from one element to the other through a gas.

4. Every vacuum tube diode … a cathode with a heater and a plate.

5. When the circuit is completed the cathode … electrons.

6. Negative voltage on the cathode … electrons.

7. Positive voltage on the plate … electrons.

5. Put the verb into the correct form.Insert always/never/often/sometimes/usually.

1. The current (flow) through the tube.

2. If a nega­tive voltage is applied to the plate current (not flow).

3. Thus a diode (permit) current (flow) in only one direction.

4. A semiconductor diode also (conduct) current in one di­rection, but the physical principles, which (permit) it to do this (be) different.

5. We (use) diodes as rectifiers of alternating voltages, as detectors of radio signals, as switching devices, etc.

6. An English dictionary of electronics (define) this sci­ence as "the study of con­duction of electricity in a vacuum, in gases and in semiconductors".

7. Do you (know) that in some diodes there is a gas, and current (flow) from one ele­ment to the other through a gas?

8. And can you (give) an exam­ple of conduction of elec­tricity in a vacuum? This (occur) in vacuum tubes.

6. Mind the word-order and compile sentences from the following words:

For example:

A\tube\is\this\vacuum. – This is a vacuum tube.

1. Different\in\vacuum\doesn’t\diodes\current\flow\directions\in.

2. What\through\the\flows\tube\?

3. Do\diodes\know\you\that\gas\is\some\a\there\in\?

4. Does\element\current\flow\one\from\to\other\through\a\gas\the\?

5. The\you\describe\a\can\circuit\of\diode?

6. Cathode\a\the\heater\has?

7. The\heater\have\another\must\energy\source\of?

8. When heated the cathode emits electrons.

9. Diodes\are\used\where\?

10. Diodes\are\rectifiers\of\alternating\voltages\as\detectors\of\radio\signals\and\as\switching\devices\used.

11. Negative\on\the\cathode\repel\voltages\electrons\toward\the\the\plate.

12. Attracts\the\electrons\what\?

13. Tube\in\vacuum\diode\there\is\a\with\a\heater\and\cathode\a\plate\every\?

14. Is\easy\to\the\it\explain\operation\of\semiconductor\devices?

 

7. Put questions to the following sentences:

1. This occurs in vacuum tubes. - Where

2. A dictionary of electronics defines this sci­ence as "the study of con­duction of electricity in a vacuum, in gases and in semiconductors". – How

3. In vacuum diodes, for example, current flows through a vacuum in only one direction. – In what direction …

4. Current flows from one ele­ment to the other through a gas. - Through what …

5. If a negative voltage is applied to the plate, current does not flow. – When

6. Positive voltage on the plate attracts the electrons. - What

7. When heated the cathode emits electrons. – When

8. Diodes are used as rectifiers of alternating volt­ages, as detectors of radio signals and as switching devices. – Are

8. Form nouns from the following verbs using the suffix –tion and translate them:

amplify — усиливать (ток); amplification — ...

attract — притягивать; attraction — …

define — определять; definition — …

describe — описывать; description — …

direct — направлять; direction — ...

rectify — выпрямлять (ток); rectification — ...

9. Guess the meaning of the following adjectives paying attention to the suffix – ic:

atomic, automatic, classic, cubic, economic, dynamic, elastic, geometric, harmonic, kinetic, magnetic, periodic.

 




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