Test on Theoretical Phonetics

Find the definition

16. Special phonetics deals with the study of …

a) Many languages

b) Two languages

c) One language

17. General phonetics deals with the study of …

a) one language

b) kindred language

c) a number of languages

18. What vowels do we distinguish according to the position of the tongue I the horizontal plane?

a) Close

b) Half-close

c) Front, back and mixed vowels

19. How many vowels are there in the English language?

a) 20

b) 18

c) 19

20. How many consonants are there in the English languages?

a) 21

b) 24

c) 25

21. According to the passive organs of speech consonants are divided into:

a) Labial

b) Dental and alveolar

c) Sonorant

22. What are the functions of speech sounds?

a) Material, abstraction

b) Constitutive, distinctive, recognitive

c) Functional

16-c,17-c,18 a,19-a,20-b,21-b,22-c,23-a,24-c,25-b,26-a,27-b,28-b,29-c,30 b

23. What are the methods used in phonology?

a) Method of communicative and method of investigation

b) Statistical method and method of communicative

24. What are the main types of literary pronunciation in Britain?

a) General, eastern, southern

b) Southern, northern, eastern

c) Southern, northern, standard Scottish pronunciation

25. What are the main types of literary pronunciation in America?

a) Northern, general Scottish

b) Eastern, southern, general

c) Southern, northern, eastern

26. What organs of speech belong to the power mechanism?

a) The lung, the wind pipe, the glottis, pharynx, the oral cavity and the nasal cavity

b) The pharynx, the oral and nasal cavities the vocal cords

27. What is the obstructor mechanism responsible for?

a) For articulation of vowels

b) For articulation of consonants

c) For articulation of vowels and consonants

28. Who was the founder of phonology?

a) D. Jones

b) Baudouin de Courtenay

c) V.A. Vassilyev

29. In what group are allophones divided?

a) Relevant, irrelevant

b) Articulatory

c) Typical and subsidiary

30. What styles of pronunciation are given by L.V. Shcherba?

a) Rapid familiar style, slower, colloquial style

b) Natural style, acquired style

c) Full style, careful colloquial style, rapid familiar style

31. The vocal cords and the glottis constitute:

a) Resonator mechanism

b) Vibrator mechanism

c) Power mechanism

d) Obstructor mechanism

e) They don’t constitute any mechanisms

32. Which tendency that determines the place and the different degree of word- stress, results in placing the word-stress on the initial syllable?

a) Recessive tendency

b) Rhythmic tendency

c) Retentive tendency

d) Semantic factor

e) Communicative

33. Phonetic is an independent branch of:

a) Lexicology

b) Linguistics

c) Stylistics

d) Grammar

e) Logic

34. A syllable which begins in vowel sound is called:

a) Open

b) Closed

c) Covered

d) Uncovered

e) Fixed

35. Allophones are:

a) Phonemes themselves

b) Morphemes

c) Variants of phonemes

d) Non-distinctive sounds

e) Any sounds

36. The terminal tone is:

a) The first stressed word

b) The last stressed word

c) The unstressed word preceding the first stressed word

d) The unstressed words with the last stressed word

e) All unstressed words in an intonation-group

37. What obstructor mechanism responsible for?

a) For the production of vowels

b) For the production of consonants

c) For the production of sonorants only

d) For the production of all the sounds

e) For the production of nasal sounds

38. What functions does Intonation perform?

a) Identificatory, rhythmic and fixed

b) Constitute, distinctive and recognitive

c) Constitutive, recessive, retentive

d) Rhythmical and accentual

e) Segmental and supra-segmental

39. The first stressed word in a intonation group is:

a) The pre-head

b) The head

c) The scale

d) The nucleus

e) The tail

40. The last stressed word in a intonation group is:

a) The head

b) The scale

c) The nucleus

d) The tail

41. What type of word-stress does the English accentual structure belong to?

a) Musical

b) Quantitative

c) Dynamic

d) Quantitative, qualitative and dynamic

e) Qualitative only

42. What organs of speech belong to the vibrator mechanism?

a) The lungs, the windpipe, the glottis, the pharynx

b) The vocal cords and the glottis

c) The nasal cavity

d) The alveoli

e) The teeth

43. Assimilated sound is:

a) Any sound in the open syllable

b) The consonant sound at the end of the word

c) The sound written in transcription

d) When the articulation of a sound is modified under the influence of the neighboring sound

e) The result of two neighboring vowels

44. In the case when the assimilated consonant is influenced by the preceding consonant we have:

a) Progressive assimilation

b) Regressive assimilation

c) Double assimilation

d) Complete assimilation

e) Incomplete

45. What directions of assimilation do you know?

a) Double and regressive

b) Regressive and reciprocal

c) Progressive and reciprocal

d) Progressive, reciprocal and regressive

e) Complete and incomplete

46. Which theory of syllable is based on L.V. Shcerba’s statement?

a) Sonority theory

b) Muscular tension theory

c) Are of loudness theory

d) Expiratory theory

e) Theory of relativity

47. What branch of phonetics studies the functional aspect of speech sounds?

a) Physiological phonetics

b) Phonology

c) Acoustic phonetic

d) General phonetics

e) Comparative phonetics

48. What branch of phonetics studies the articulatory and auditory aspect of speech sounds?

a) General phonetics

b) Phonology

c) Acoustic phonetics

d) Physiological phonetics

e) Comparative phonetics

49. The stress which serves to make especially prominent certain parts of the utterance called:

a) Syntactic

b) Hesitation

c) Syntagmatic

d) Emphatic

e) Logical

50. Modification of consonants under the influence of vowels is called:

a) Accommodation

b) Assimilation

c) Lateral plosion

d) Elision

e) Loss of plosion

51. What type is the syllable “no”?

a) Covered, close

b) Covered, open

c) Uncovered, close

d) Uncovered, open

e) Ubcovered, covered

52. Speech is impossible without the following mechanisms:

a) The power and the vibrator mechanisms

b) The resonator and the obstructor mechanisms

c) Speech is impossible without all these mechanisms

d) Careless speech is possible without all these mechanisms

e) Only the obstructor mechanisms

53. Where does the stress fall in the words “psychology, biologist”:

a) On the 3-d syllable from the end

b) On the 2-d syllable

c) On the 1-st syllable

d) On the last syllable

e) They are unstressed words

54. What is the oldest and the most developed branch of phonetics?

a) Physiological phonetics

b) Phonology

c) Acoustic phonetics

d) General phonetics

e) Comparative phonetics

55. What intonational function manifests itself in the fact than each syllable in the sentence has a certain pitch and can’t exist without it?

a) Constitutive function

b) Distinctive function

c) Recognitive function

d) Principal function

e) All of them

56. What is the unit of Phonetics?

a) A phoneme

b) An allophone

c) Minimal pairs

d) A distinctive speech sound

e) A speech sound

57. English, Russian, German languages are traditionally considered to belong to:

a) Dynamic

b) Musical

c) Qualitative

d) Quantitative

e) Dynamic, qualitative, quantitative

58. Sonority theory of the syllable was put forward by:

a) O. Yesperson

b) N.I. Linkin

c) L.V. Shcherba

d) I.A. Vassiliev

e) B. Block

59. Correlative in the time of stressed and unstressed syllable in intonation group is:

a) Tempo

b) Melody

c) Timber

d) Rhythm

e) Pause

60. What do we call syllable in writing?

a) Morphemes

b) Syllabographs

c) Syllabophones

d) Phonemes

e) Suffixes

61. Three degree of word stress are suggested by:

a) American linguists

b) British physiologists

c) British and Russian linguists

d) Baudouin de Courteney

e) L.V. Shcherba

62. Modification of consonants under the influence of a consonant is called:

a) Accommodation

b) Assimilation

c) Adaptation

d) Elision

e) Loss of plosion

63. What forms the speed of speech?

a) Pitch and loudness

b) Rhythm

c) Loudness

d) Tempo

e) Pausation

64. What is the oldest theory of syllable formation and syllable division?

a) Sonority theory

b) Muscular tension theory

c) Expiratory theory

d) The “are of loudness” theory

e) musical

65. What is the unit of Phonology?

a) A sound

b) A morpheme

c) A phoneme

d) Syllable

e) Word

66. What resonator mechanism is responsible for the articulation of vowels?

a) Oral resonator

b) Nasal resonator

c) Resonator mechanisms are not responsible for it

d) Oral together with nasal resonator

e) Nasal resonator and the vocal cords

67. What is Received Pronunciation?

a) English, spoken by foreign learners of the language

b) Standard English

c) English, spoken in the USA

d) Standard American

e) All types of pronunciation in G.B.

68. A special prominence given to one more syllable in a word is:

a) The pause

b) The rhythm

c) The melody

d) The tempo

E) The stress

69. Which language has free word stress?

a) Russian and English

b) Czeck and Slovak

c) French

d) Kazakh

e) Polish

a/b/c/b/c/-/a/a/a/a?/d?/british/b/d/a?/c?/oral/b/-/-/c/c/-/a/d/d/a/a

70. What is a syllable?

a) Morphemic structure of the word

b) One of the speech sounds

c) The shortest segment of speech sounds

d) Segmental structure of the word

e) Shortest speech continuum

71. Phonetics studies:

a) Words and their semantic structure

b) Words and their relations in the sentence

c) Sounds and their various aspects and functions

d) Parts of speech

e) Morphological structure of sentences

72. The last stressed syllable is called

a) Pre-head

b) Head

c) Nucleus

d) Tail

e) Body

73. A syllable which ends in a vowel sounds is called

a) Open

b) Closed

c) Covered

d) Mid-open

e) Uncovered

74. Publicistic, newspaper, scientific, official type are:

a) Voice tember

b) Melody

c) Components of intonation

d) Different styles

e) Types of dialects

75. What is the definition of assimilation?

a) The result of obstruction

b) The result of adaptation of one vowel to another

c) The result of length

d) The influence of neighboring consonants to each other

e) The result of softness of consonants

76. What are the English nasal consonants?

a) [m], [n], [η]

b) [m], [p], [d]

c) [p], [b], [d], [t], [k]

d) [], [n], [l]

e) [m], [n], [l], [], [r]

77. Pronunciation of a syllable in a word on different pitch levels and with different pitch directions is called:

a) Dynamic

b) Quantitative

c) Qualitative

d) Musical

e) Logical

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