Визуальное программирование. Министерство образования и науки РФ

Министерство образования и науки РФ

Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное

Учреждение высшего профессионального образования

«Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»

ИНСТИТУТ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ МАТЕМАТИКИ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

Кафедра информатики и вычислительных технологий

Специальность: "Прикладная информатика в образовании"

Практикум ЭВМ

Выполнила: студентка группы 901 пио

Газиева А.Ф.

Руководитель: Галиуллин Д.К.

Казань – 2012

Вариант 1.

Код программы(для рис.1):

program Project1;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses

SysUtils;

var x,y:real;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('x=');

readln(x);

write('y=');

readln(y);

if ((sqr(x)+sqr(y)<=25) and (x>=0))or((sqr(x)+sqr(y)<=9) and(x<=0) and (y>=0))

or((y>=-5/3*x-5) and(x<=0) and(y<=0))

then writeln('yes')

else writeln('no');

readln;

end.

Код программы:

program Project1;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses

SysUtils;

var n,a,b,s:integer;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('vvedite 2x znachnoe chislo:');

readln(n);

a:=n mod 10;

b:=n div 10;

s:=a+b;

if s mod 2=0 then writeln('verno')

else writeln('ne verno');

readln

end.

program Project3;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

Uses SysUtils;

var p,eps,a:real;

k:integer;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('eps=');

readln(eps);

p:=1; k:=2; a:=1-1/sqr(k);

while abs(1/sqr(k))>=eps do begin

p:=p*a;

k:=k+1;

a:=(1-1/sqr(k)); end;

writeln('P=',p:8:6);

readln; readln;

end.

program Project4;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

Uses SysUtils;

var x0,x1,a:real;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('a='); readln(a);

if a<=1 then begin if 2*a<0.95 then x0:=2*a else x0:=0.95 end

else if a<25 then x0:=a/5

else x0:=a/25;

x1:=4/5*x0+a/(5*sqr(sqr(x0)));

while 5/4*a*abs(x1-x0)>=0.000001 do

begin

x0:=x1;

x1:=4/5*x0+ a/(5*sqr(sqr(x0)));

end;

writeln('xn=',x1:8:6);

readln;

end.

program Project5;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var N,M,P:longint; i,k:integer;

begin

write('Vvedite naturalnoe chislo N='); readln(N);

M:=N; P:=0;

while M>0 do

begin i:=M mod 10; P:=P*10+i; M:=M div 10; end;

if P=N then write('Palindrom')

else write('Ne palindrom');

readln

end.

program Project6;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var a,b:array[1..20] of integer;

i,j:integer;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

for i:=1 to 20 do

read(a[i]);

j:=1;

for i:=20 downto 11 do begin

b[j]:=a[i]; b[j+1]:=a[i-10]; j:=j+2

end;

for j:=1 to 20 do

write(b[j],' ');

readln;

readln

end.

program Project7;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var a:array[1..30] of integer; i,n:integer;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('n=');

readln(n);

Writeln('vvedite massiv:');

for i:=1 to 2*n do

read(a[i]);

for i:=1 to n do

begin

write(a[i], ' ');

write(a[n+i],' ');

end;

readln;

readln; end.

program Project8; {$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var a:array[1..10,1..10] of real; x:real; i,j:integer;

begin

write('x='); readln(x);

i:=1;

for j:=1 to 10 do

a[i,j]:=exp(ln(x)*(j-1));

i:=10;

for j:=10 downto 1 do

a[i,11-j]:=exp(ln(x)*(j-1));

j:=1;

for i:=1 to 10 do

a[i,j]:=exp(ln(x)*(i-1));

j:=10;

for i:=10 downto 1 do

a[11-i,j]:=exp(ln(x)*(i-1));

for i:=1 to 10 do begin

for j:=1 to 10 do

write(a[i,j]:6:1);

writeln; end;

readln; end.

program Project9;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var a:array[1..10,1..10] of integer;

i,j,n,m,k,p:integer;

begin { TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('vvedite kol-vo strok n='); readln(n);

write('vvedite kol-vo stolbsov m='); readln(m);

for i:=1 to n do

for j:=1 to m do read(a[i,j]);

k:=0; p:=1;

for j:=1 to m do

if a[5,j] mod 2=1 then

begin

k:=k+1;

p:=p*a[5,j]

end;

write('k=',k, ' p=', p);

readln;

readln

end.

program Project10;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

Uses SysUtils;

var s1,s2:string; i:integer;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('vvedite stroku:');

readln(s1);

s2:='';

i:=pos('e',s1);

s2:=copy(s1,1,i);

delete(s1,1,i);

i:=pos('e',s1);

s2:=s2+copy(s1,i,length(s1));

writeln(s2);

readln

end.

program P11dpr;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var s,s1,S2:string;

i,j,k,t,p:integer;

w:boolean;

begin

writeln('Vvedite text razdelenniy probelami:');

readln(s);

s:=s+' ';

p:=1;

i:=1;

while i<=length(s) do begin

w:=false;

while not(w) do begin

if (s[i]<>' ') and(s[i-1]=' ') then

begin w:=true; t:=p; p:=i; end;
i:=i+1; end;

s1:=copy(s,t,p-t); s1[3]:='a'; delete(s,t,p-t); insert(s1,s,t);

end;

write(s);

readln;

end.

program Project122;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

type mas=array[1..30] of integer;

var x,y:mas; n,m,min,a,b:integer;

procedure vvod(k:integer; var z:mas);

var i:integer;

begin for i:=1 to k do read(z[i]);

end;

procedure minn(z:mas; a:integer; var min:integer);

var i:integer;

begin min:=z[1];

for i:=2 to n do

if z[i]<min then min:=z[i];

if min=z[a] then writeln('verno') else writeln('ne verno') end;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('vvedite kol-vo elementov 1-go massiva n='); readln(n);

write('vvedite kol-vo elementov 2-go massiva m=');readln(m);

vvod(n,x);

vvod(m,y);

write('vvedite nomer dlya proverki min elementa 1-go massiva='); readln(a);

write('vvedite nomer dlya proverki min elementa 2-go massiva=');readln(b);

minn(x,a,min);

minn(y,b,min);

readln; readln;

end.

program Project13;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var ss:string;

function kol(s: string; k: char): integer;

var i, n: integer;

begin

n := 0;

for i := 1 to length(s) do

if s[i] = k then n:=n+1;

kol := n

end;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('vvedite stroku simvolov:');

readln(ss);

writeln('kol-vo simvolov "r"=',kol(ss,'r'));

writeln('kol-vo simvolov "k"=',kol(ss,'k'));

writeln('kol-vo simvolov "t"=',kol(ss,'t')); readln; end.

ТЕКСТОВЫЕ ФАЙЛЫ

1. Дан массив целых чисел а_1,…,а_n (n<=10). Сформировать текстовый файл по следующему правилу: первая строка файла состоит из букв «А», количество которых а₁, вторая строка из букв «Б», количество которых а₂ и т.д.

program Project14;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses SysUtils;

var a:array[1..10] of integer;

f:textfile;

i,n,l:integer;

s:string;

begin

{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }

write('vvedite kol-vo elementov massiva, n= '); readln(n);

for i:=1 to n do read(a[i]);

assignfile(f,'C:\Users\Алина\Desktop\прак ЭВМ\pr14.txt');

rewrite(f);

s:='ABCDEFGHIJ';

for i:=1 to n do begin

for l:=1 to a[i] do

write(f,s[i],' ');

writeln(f)

end;

closefile(f);

end.

Визуальное программирование

Одномерные массивы.

1.Дан массив X1,…,Xn. Поменять местами первый и последний элемент, второй и предпоследний, и т д.

unit Unit1;

interface

uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type

Tform1 = class(Tform)

Memo1: Tmemo;

Edit1: Tedit;

Memo2: Tmemo;

Memo3: Tmemo;

Button1: Tbutton;

Label1: Tlabel;

Label2: Tlabel;

Label3: Tlabel;

Button2: Tbutton;

Button3: Tbutton;

Button4: Tbutton;

procedure Button1Click(Sender: Tobject);

procedure Button2Click(Sender: Tobject);

procedure Button3Click(Sender: Tobject);

procedure Button4Click(Sender: Tobject);

private

{ Private declarations }

public

{ Public declarations }

end;

var

Form1: Tform1;

x:array [1..30] of integer;

var n,I,p,k:integer;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure Tform1.Button1Click(Sender: Tobject);

begin

n:=strtoint(edit1.Text);

for i:=1 to n do begin

x[i]:=random(201)-100;

memo2.lines.Add(inttostr(x[i]))

end;

{x[i]:=strtoint(memo1.Lines[i-1]); }

end;

procedure Tform1.Button2Click(Sender: Tobject);

begin

p := n div 2;

for i:= 1 to p do

begin

k := x[i];

x[i]:=x[n+1-i];

x[n+1-i]:=k;

end;

for i:=1 to n do memo3.lines.Add(inttostr(x[i]))

end;

procedure Tform1.Button3Click(Sender: Tobject);

begin

form1.close

end;

procedure Tform1.Button4Click(Sender: Tobject);

begin

memo2.Clear;

memo3.Clear;

edit1.Text:=’’

end;

end.

Двумерные массивы.

1. Дан двумерный массив порядка m*m. В каждой строке этого массива заменить диагональный элемент на максимальный элемент этой строки.

unit viz2;

interface

uses

Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,

Dialogs, StdCtrls, Grids;

type

TForm1 = class(TForm)

Memo1: TMemo;

Label1: TLabel;

Edit1: TEdit;

Label2: TLabel;

Label3: TLabel;

StringGrid1: TStringGrid;

StringGrid2: TStringGrid;

Button1: TButton;

procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

private

{ Private declarations }

public

{ Public declarations }

end;

var

Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

var m,i,j,maxi:integer;

a:array [1..30,1..30] of real;

p:real;

begin

m:=strtoint(edit1.Text);

StringGrid1.RowCount:=m;

StringGrid1.ColCount:=m;

StringGrid2.RowCount:=m;

StringGrid2.ColCount:=m;

for i:=1 to m do

for j:=1 to m do

begin

a[i,j]:=random(201)-100;

Stringgrid1.Cells[j-1,i-1]:=floattostr(a[i,j]);

end;

{a[i,j]:=strtofloat(StringGrid1.Cells[j-1, i-1]); }

for i:=1 to m do begin

maxi:=1;

for j:=1 to m do

if a[i,j]>a[i,maxi] then maxi:=j;

for j:=1 to m do

if i=j then a[i,j]:=a[i,maxi]

end;

for i:=1 to m do

for j:=1 to m do

Stringgrid2.Cells[j-1,i-1]:=floattostr(a[i,j]);

end;

end.

Рисунок

Нарисовать произвольный рисунок.

unit Unit1_ris;

interface

uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type

TForm1 = class(TForm)

Button1: TButton;

procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

private { Private declarations }

public { Public declarations }

end;

var Form1: TForm1;

implementation {$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

begin

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(100,150);

form1.Canvas.lineto(100,350);

form1.Canvas.lineto(400,350);

form1.Canvas.lineto(400,150);

form1.Canvas.lineto(100,150);

form1.Canvas.lineto(250,50);

form1.Canvas.lineto(400,150);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(220,200);

form1.Canvas.lineto(220,280);

form1.Canvas.lineto(280,280);

form1.Canvas.lineto(280,200);

form1.Canvas.lineto(220,200);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(220,225);

form1.Canvas.lineto(280,225);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(250,225);

form1.Canvas.lineto(250,280);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(400,350);

form1.Canvas.lineto(500,300);

form1.Canvas.lineto(500,100);

form1.Canvas.lineto(400,150);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(500,100);

form1.Canvas.lineto(350,0);

form1.Canvas.lineto(250,50);

form1.Canvas.ellipse(230,90,280,130);

form1.Canvas.ellipse(10,10,80,80);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(70,70);

form1.Canvas.lineto(80,120);

form1.Canvas.lineto(110,90);

form1.Canvas.lineto(70,70);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(80,45);

form1.Canvas.lineto(130,65);

form1.Canvas.lineto(130,25);

form1.Canvas.lineto(80,45);

form1.Canvas.MoveTo(45,80);

form1.Canvas.lineto(25,140);

form1.Canvas.lineto(60,140);

form1.Canvas.lineto(45,80);

form1.Canvas.brush.color:=clyellow;

form1.Canvas.floodfill(250,300,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.floodfill(450,300,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.floodfill(30,30,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.floodfill(75,80,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.floodfill(85,45,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.floodfill(45,85,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.brush.color:=clblue;

form1.Canvas.floodfill(100,10,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.brush.color:=claqua;

form1.Canvas.floodfill(250,60,clblack,fsborder);

form1.Canvas.brush.color:=cllime;

form1.Canvas.brush.style:=bscross;

form1.Canvas.floodfill(430,100,clblack,fsborder);

end;

end.

Тест

1. Создать тест-программу на произвольную тему.

unit Unit1;

interface

uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type

TForm1 = class(TForm)

Button1: TButton;Label1: TLabel; Button2: TButton; Label2: TLabel; Label3: TLabel; Label4: TLabel; Edit1: TEdit;Edit2: TEdit; Edit3: TEdit;

procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);

private { Private declarations }

public{ Public declarations } end;

var Form1: TForm1;fam,n,kurs:string;

implementation

uses Unit2,Unit3; {$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

begin

fam:=edit1.Text;

n:=edit2.Text;

kurs:=edit3.Text;

form2.show

end;

procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);

begin form1.close end;

end.

unit Unit2;

interface

uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls, ExtCtrls;

type

TForm2 = class(TForm)

Button1: TButton; Label1: TLabel;RadioButton1: TRadioButton;RadioButton2: TRadioButton;

RadioButton3: TRadioButton;RadioButton4: TRadioButton;

procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);

procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

private{ Private declarations }

public { Public declarations }end;

var Form2: TForm2; v,o1,o2,o3,o4,o:array[1..30] of string; ball,j,i,ot:integer; f,t:textfile; p:real;

implementation uses Unit1, Unit3; {$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm2.FormShow(Sender: TObject);

begin assignfile(f,'D:\lina\эвм\тест\my\europe.txt');reset(f);

for i:=1 to 5 do begin

readln(f,v[i]); readln(f,o1[i]); readln(f,o2[i]); readln(f,o3[i]); readln(f,o4[i]); readln(f,o[i]); end;

label1.caption:=v[1];

RadioButton1.caption:=o1[1]; radiobutton2.caption:=o2[1];

radiobutton3.caption:=o3[1]; radiobutton4.caption:=o4[1]; ball:=0; i:=1

end;

procedure TForm2.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

begin if i<=5 then begin

if (radiobutton1.Checked) and (radiobutton1.caption=o[i]) then ball:=ball+1 else

if (radiobutton2.Checked) and (radiobutton2.caption=o[i]) then ball:=ball+1 else

if (radiobutton3.Checked) and (radiobutton3.caption=o[i]) then ball:=ball+1 else

if (radiobutton4.Checked) and (radiobutton4.caption=o[i]) then ball:=ball+1;

radiobutton1.Checked:=false; radiobutton2.Checked:=false; radiobutton3.Checked:=false;

radiobutton4.Checked:=false; end;

if i<=4 then begin

label1.caption:=v[i+1]; RadioButton1.caption:=o1[i+1]; radiobutton2.caption:=o2[i+1];

radiobutton3.caption:=o3[i+1]; radiobutton4.caption:=o4[i+1]; i:=i+1; end

else begin p:=ball*100/5;

if p<45 then ot:=2;

if (p>=45) and (p<65) then ot:=3;

if (p>=65) and (p<85) then ot:=4;

if p>=85 then ot:=5; form3.show end;

end;

end.

unit Unit3;

interface

uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type

TForm3 = class(TForm)

Label1: TLabel; Edit1: TEdit;Label2: TLabel;Edit2: TEdit;Button1: TButton; Label3: TLabel;

procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);

procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

private{ Private declarations }

public{ Public declarations }

end;

var Form3: TForm3;

implementation

uses Unit1,Unit2; {$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm3.FormShow(Sender: TObject);

begin

edit1.Text:=inttostr(ball); edit2.Text:=inttostr(ot); label3.Caption:=fam+' '+n+', '+kurs;

assignfile(t,'D:\lina\эвм\тест\my\rezultat.txt');append(t); writeln(t,fam); writeln(t,n);

writeln(t,'gruppa: ',kurs); writeln(t,'kol-vo pravilnix otvetov: ',ball);

writeln(t,'otsenka: ',ot); closefile(t)

end;

procedure TForm3.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

begin

form3.close; form2.close; form1.close;

end; end.

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