D. Abbreviations and Acronyms

Define less common abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, ac, dc, and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are unavoidable.

See Appendix A of the Author’s Kit for additional information and standard abbreviations.

E. Math and Equations

Use either the Microsoft Equation Editor or the MathType commercial add-on for MS Word for all math objects in your paper (Insert | Equation or MathType Equation). "Float over text" should not be selected.

To make your equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Italicize Roman symbols for quantities and variables, but not Greek symbols. Use a long dash rather than a hyphen for a minus sign. Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities in denominators.

Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined before the equation appears or immediately following.

where I_F is the fault current.

Use "(1)," not "Eq. (1)" or "equation (1)," except at the beginning of a sentence: "Equation (1) is .…"

V. Acknowledgment

The following is an example of an acknowledgment. (Please note that financial support should be acknowledged in the unnumbered footnote on the title page.)

The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of I. X. Austan, A. H. Burgmeyer, C. J. Essel, and S. H. Gold for their work on the original version of this document.

VI. References

References are important to the reader; therefore, each citation must be complete and correct. There is no editorial check on references; therefore, an incomplete or wrong reference will be published unless caught by a reviewer or discusser and will detract from the authority and value of the paper. References should be readily available publications.

List only one reference per reference number. If a reference is available from two sources, each should be listed as a separate reference. Give all authors' names; do not use et al.

Samples of the correct formats for various types of references are given below.

Periodicals:

[1] J. F. Fuller, E. F. Fuchs, and K. J. Roesler, "Influence of harmonics on power distribution system protection," IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 3, pp. 549-557, Apr. 1988.

[2] E. H. Miller, "A note on reflector arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published.

[3] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, Aug.). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3), pp. 876-880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-vidmar

Books:

[4] E. Clarke, Circuit Analysis of AC Power Systems, vol. I. New York: Wiley, 1950, p. 81.

[5] G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics," in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.

[6] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks. (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available: http://www.atm.com

Technical Reports:

[7] E. E. Reber, R. L. Mitchell, and C. J. Carter, "Oxygen absorption in the Earth's atmosphere," Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1968.

[8] S. L. Talleen. (1996, Apr.). The Intranet Architecture: Managing information in the new paradigm. Amdahl Corp., Sunnyvale, CA. [Online]. Available: http://www.amdahl.com/doc/products/bsg/intra/ infra/html

Papers Presented at Conferences (Unpublished):

[9] D. Ebehard and E. Voges, "Digital single sideband detection for interferometric sensors," presented at the 2nd Int. Conf. Optical Fiber Sensors, Stuttgart, Germany, 1984.

[10] Process Corp., Framingham, MA. Intranets: Internet technologies deployed behind the firewall for corporate productivity. Presented at INET96 Annu. Meeting. [Online]. Available: http://home.process.com/ Intranets/wp2.htp

Papers from Conference Proceedings (Published):

[11] J. L. Alqueres and J. C. Praca, "The Brazilian power system and the challenge of the Amazon transmission," in Proc. 1991 IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conf., pp. 315-320.

Dissertations:

[12] S. Hwang, "Frequency domain system identification of helicopter rotor dynamics incorporating models with time periodic coefficients," Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Aerosp. Eng., Univ. Maryland, College Park, 1997.

Standards:

[13] IEEE Guide for Application of Power Apparatus Bushings, IEEE Standard C57.19.100-1995, Aug. 1995.

Patents:

[14] G. Brandli and M. Dick, "Alternating current fed power supply," U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.

VII. Biographies

A technical biography for each author must be included. It should begin with the author’s name (as it appears in the byline) and IEEE membership history. A photograph should also be included for each author. The photo should be 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) wide by 3.18 centimeters (1.25 inches) high. The head and shoulders should be centered, and the photo should be flush with the left margin. The space required for the biographies and photos is included in the eight-page limit. The following is an example of the text of a technical biography:

Nikola Tesla (M’1888, F’17) was born in Smiljan in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, on July 9, 1856. He graduated from the Austrian Polytechnic School, Graz, and studied at the University of Prague.

His employment experience included the American Telephone Company, Budapest, the Edison Machine Works, Westinghouse Electric Company, and Nikola Tesla Laboratories. His special fields of interest included high frequency.

Tesla received honorary degrees from institutions of higher learning including Columbia University, Yale University, University of Belgrade, and the University of Zagreb. He received the Elliott Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute and the Edison Medal of the IEEE. In 1956, the term "tesla" (T) was adopted as the unit of magnetic flux density in the MKSA system. In 1975, the Power Engineering Society established the Nikola Tesla Award in his honor. Tesla died on January 7, 1943.

Editor's Note: J. W. Hagge was chair of the PES Technical Council and L. L. Grigsby was chair of the PES Publications Department when the original version of this document was published (January 1, 1993). A 2012 revision made this template applicable for Transactions papers only.

М. А. Шкутова. Студент СПБГПУ. Санкт-Петербург. Россия. Электронный адрес mshkutova@yandex.ru

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